{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T12:42:27Z","timestamp":1790685747841,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Pharma and Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing has emerged as a compelling strategy that clinicians can use to inform antidepressant medication selection and dosing, but the clinical efficacy of this strategy has been questioned. We systematically reviewed and meta\u2010analyzed clinical trials for an association between the use of PGx\u2010guided antidepressant therapy and depressive symptom remission in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). We included prospective, controlled clinical trials published in English up to July 12, 2022. Data extraction and synthesis adhered to the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta\u2010Analyses guidelines. Each trial was assessed for risk of bias and a random\u2010effects model was used to estimate pooled risk ratios. Thirteen trials comprising 4,767 patients were analyzed, including 10 randomized controlled trials, and three open label trials. Across all included trials, those that received PGx\u2010guided antidepressant therapy (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a02,395) were 1.41 (95% confidence interval (CI)\u00a0=\u00a01.15\u20131.74,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.001) more likely to achieve remission compared with those that received unguided antidepressant therapy (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a02,372). Pooled risk ratios for randomized controlled trials and open label trials were 1.46 (95% CI: 1.13\u20131.88) and 1.26 (95% CI\u00a0=\u00a00.84\u20131.88), respectively. These results suggest that PGx\u2010guided antidepressant therapy is associated with a modest but significant increase in depressive symptom remission in adults with MDD. Efforts to address the heterogeneity in PGx test composition (i.e., genes and alleles tested) and accompanying prescribing recommendations across trials will likely reduce the uncertainty about the efficacy of PGx\u2010guided antidepressant therapy in the literature.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.2748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,16]],"date-time":"2022-09-16T04:28:31Z","timestamp":1663302511000},"page":"1303-1317","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":129,"title":["Pharmacogenomic Testing and Depressive Symptom Remission: A Systematic Review and\n                    <scp>Meta\u2010Analysis<\/scp>\n                    of Prospective, Controlled Clinical Trials"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"112","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7719-6596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa C.","family":"Brown","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Great Scott! Consulting  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph D.","family":"Stanton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tempus Labs  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanika","family":"Bharthi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah Al","family":"Maruf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences University of Manitoba  Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"},{"name":"Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba  Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacogenetics Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute Centre for Addiction and Mental Health  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health University Hospital of W\u00fcrzburg  W\u00fcrzburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6303-8696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chad A.","family":"Bousman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Departments of Medical Genetics, Psychiatry, Physiology and Pharmacology, and Community Health Sciences University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-007-0061-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18553\/jmcp.2019.25.7.823"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.1651"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2011.34"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","unstructured":"FDA.Table of pharmacogenomic biomarkers in drug labeling.https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/drugs\/science\u2010and\u2010research\u2010drugs\/table\u2010pharmacogenomic\u2010biomarkers\u2010drug\u2010labeling. Accessed April 27 2022."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.147"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.597"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Review and consensus on pharmacogenomic testing in psychiatry","volume":"54","author":"Bousman C.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)00017-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0706743720904820"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm11121334"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41397-020-00197-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.04.058"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs-2018-0142"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2018.08.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5928"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","unstructured":"Collaboration TC.Review Manager (RevMan) V5.4. Cochrane Reviews;2022."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","unstructured":"Project TJ.Jamovi.2022.https:\/\/www.jamovi.org"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.11"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2012.99"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FPC.0b013e3283649b9a"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","first-page":"219","article-title":"A prospective, randomized, double\u2010blind study assessing the clinical impact of integrated pharmacogenomic testing for major depressive disorder","volume":"16","author":"Winner J.G.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Discov. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9758\/cpn.2015.13.2.150"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-017-1412-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2017.09.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9758\/cpn.2018.16.4.469"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2019.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00960"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.23029"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/02698811211015224"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.9805"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-022-01847-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.MR000033.pub3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41397-018-0027-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.939313"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","unstructured":"American Society of Pharmacovigilance.Standardizing Laboratory Practices in Pharmacogenomics.https:\/\/www.stopadr.org\/stripe. Accessed April 29 2022."}],"container-title":["Clinical Pharmacology &amp; Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cpt.2748","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cpt.2748","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cpt.2748","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]],"date-time":"2023-11-07T08:31:43Z","timestamp":1699345903000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cpt.2748"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cpt.2748"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cpt.2748","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-9236","1532-6535"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-9236","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-6535","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-08-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-09-11","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-10-11","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}