{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T11:41:02Z","timestamp":1776080462940,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Pharma and Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>An unimpaired neurological evaluation is essential for detecting delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) patients. Nimodipine is currently the only drug approved for DCI prevention. Intravenous nimodipine infusion contains 23.7\u2009vol% ethanol as an excipient, resulting in up to 45\u2009g of ethanol being infused daily, which may interfere with neurological assessment. Therefore, we aimed to measure ethanol concentrations in plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and brain parenchyma during the infusion of 0.5\u20132\u2009mg of nimodipine per hour in aSAH patients to quantify the ethanol neuronal exposure. Ethanol concentrations were determined by headspace gas chromatography\u2010flame ionization detection in plasma and CSF and we set out brain parenchyma measurement using cerebral microdialysis, in 10 aSAH patients. In each compartment four samples were taken over a 6\u2010hour interval during steady\u2010state intravenous nimodipine infusion at four different doses (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2\u2009mg\/hour). A total of 307 samples from plasma and CSF was measured. Ethanol levels were mostly below the quantification limit of 0.002\u2009g\/100\u2009mL. In 36 samples ethanol concentration was \u2265\u20090.002\u2009g\/100\u2009mL, ranging from 0.002 to 0.009\u2009g\/100\u2009mL. These low values were not reproducible in a second measurement, suggesting these values likely reflected analytical variability rather than true ethanol concentrations. Nimodipine analysis in brain parenchyma was omitted due to insufficient microdialysate volume and low concentrations in blood and CSF. Continuous nimodipine infusion of up to 2\u2009mg\/hour is unlikely to impair neurological assessment in aSAH patients, as no significant CSF ethanol concentration (&lt;\u20090.002\u2009g\/100\u2009mL) was detected.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.3753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T02:38:55Z","timestamp":1750819135000},"page":"928-934","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Continuous Intravenous Nimodipine Infusion With Ethanol as Carrier in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Does Not Result in Measurable Cerebral Ethanol Levels"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"118","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5317-1881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miriam M.","family":"Moser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Medical University of Vienna  Vienna 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Nimodipine<https:\/\/www.medicines.org.uk\/emc\/product\/1366\/smpc\/print> (2024). Accessed January 22 2025."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","unstructured":"Nimodipine specialist information<https:\/\/www.fachinfo.de\/fi\/pdf\/003936> (2024)."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-198937050-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules20011003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","first-page":"251","article-title":"Neuroprotective efficacy of prophylactic enteral and parenteral nimodipine treatment in vestibular schwannoma surgery: a comparative study","volume":"75","author":"Scheller C.","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Surg. A Cent. Eur. 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