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Here, the pharmacokinetics of rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol were investigated in the presence and absence of anti\u2010HIV treatment in 85 patients. Pharmacokinetic analyses show that HIV therapy has no significant impact on the pharmacokinetics of TB drugs in this cohort. The same population, however, displayed generally low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and systemic exposures to rifampicin compared to previously reported HIV \u2013ve cohorts. Elevated CSF concentrations of pyrazinamide, on the other hand, were strongly and independently correlated with increased mortality and neurological toxicity. The findings suggest that the current standard dosing regimens may put the patient at risk of treatment failure from suboptimal rifampicin exposure, and potentially increasing the risk of adverse central nervous system events that are independently correlated with pyrazinamide CSF exposure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,4]],"date-time":"2017-02-04T08:26:40Z","timestamp":1486196800000},"page":"449-457","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Suboptimal Exposure to Anti\u2010TB Drugs in a TBM\/HIV+ Population Is Not Related to Antiretroviral Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"ME","family":"T\u00f6r\u00f6k","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cambridge, Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Aljayyoussi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Waterhouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"TTH","family":"Chau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford University Clinical Research Unit Hospital for Tropical Diseases Hi Chi Minh City Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"NTH","family":"Mai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford University Clinical Research Unit Hospital for Tropical Diseases Hi Chi Minh City Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"NH","family":"Phu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford University Clinical Research Unit Hospital for Tropical Diseases Hi Chi Minh City Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"TT","family":"Hien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford University Clinical Research Unit Hospital for Tropical Diseases Hi Chi Minh City Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W","family":"Hope","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Liverpool Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JJ","family":"Farrar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford University Clinical Research Unit Hospital for Tropical Diseases Hi Chi Minh City Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"SA","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/141.2.347"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"WHO.Global tuberculosis report 2016. 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