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Using a metformin\u2013dolutegravir drug interaction study and colistin pharmacokinetic study from South Africa, we illustrate how body composition and disease severity, respectively, can alter dosing assumptions. Drug development and post\u2010registration programs should include explicit translation plans using target\u2010population data to confirm, refine, or revise dosing recommendations in understudied target populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.70494","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T11:27:35Z","timestamp":1790162855000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Trust, but Verify: Translating Dosing Evidence to Understudied Populations in Low\u2010 and Middle\u2010Income Countries"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6464-4257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roland","family":"van Rensburg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine Stellenbosch University  Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5365-0320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veshni","family":"Pillay\u2010Fuentes Lorente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine Stellenbosch University  Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1815-5150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Decloedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine Stellenbosch University  Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_1","volume-title":"General Considerations for Clinical Studies E8 (R1)","author":"International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use.Ethnic factors in the acceptability of foreign clinical data E5 (R1)<https:\/\/database.ich.org\/sites\/default\/files\/E5_R1__Guideline.pdf> (1998). 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