{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T22:13:57Z","timestamp":1791584037733,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,24]],"date-time":"2019-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548288000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp; Exp Dental Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In periodontitis patients, high levels of several inflammatory markers may be expressed in serum, reflecting the effect of local disease on the general health. The objective of the present analysis was to compare cytokine levels assessed in peripheral blood with those in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and evaluate the impact of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on the incidence of high levels of 12 biomarkers in serum. Twenty\u2010four patients with chronic periodontitis (Group P) contributed with serum and GCF samples at baseline (BL) and 1 and 3\u00a0months after periodontal treatment (M1 and M3). Samples were assessed for 12 cytokines using the Bio\u2010Plex bead array multianalyte detection system. For each analyte, peak values were calculated as greater than the mean\u00a0+\u00a02<jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic> of the one found in 60 periodontally healthy participants. Significant correlations between serum and GCF values were obtained in the periodontitis group for interleukin (IL) 1ra, IL\u20106, and interferon \u03b3 at BL and for macrophage inflammatory protein 1\u03b2 at M3 after treatment. Periodontitis subjects were found to exhibit high peaks for several inflammatory markers in serum. The highest incidence of peaks at BL was found for interferon \u03b3 (37.5% of the periodontitis subjects). For the four biomarkers with a detection frequency of &gt;75% at BL (IL\u20101ra, IL\u20108, macrophage inflammatory protein 1\u03b2, and vascular endothelial growth factor), no significant difference was observed over time for the P group or between the two groups at BL. The significant correlation found between the serum and the GCF for certain cytokines and the fact that periodontitis subjects exhibit high peaks for several inflammatory markers in serum may support the hypothesis that the inflammatory reaction due to periodontitis is not restricted to the diseased sites. Within the limitations of the study, periodontal therapy did not seem to have any significant impact on the systemic cytokine levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,25]],"date-time":"2019-01-25T04:50:11Z","timestamp":1548391811000},"page":"128-135","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Systemic inflammatory burden and local inflammation in periodontitis: What is the link between inflammatory biomarkers in serum and gingival crevicular fluid?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9468-8958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alkisti","family":"Zekeridou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Periodontology University Clinic of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Mombelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Periodontology University Clinic of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose","family":"Cancela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Periodontology University Clinic of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Delphine","family":"Courvoisier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Periodontology University Clinic of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Giannopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Periodontology University Clinic of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"2982","article-title":"Multiplex analysis of serologic markers in periodontitis and health","volume":"90","author":"Almaghlouth A.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Dental Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-014-1187-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/annals.1999.4.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2008.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2009.01382.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53468.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2010.01670.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12077"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2011.110327"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910508400312"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910408300214"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2007.01438.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2005.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","first-page":"20","article-title":"The correlation of serum and gingival crevicular fluid cytokines in obese subjects","volume":"15","author":"Fell R. 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