{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T18:17:25Z","timestamp":1785521845135,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,23]],"date-time":"2019-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577059200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp; Exp Dental Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study was to observe the antimicrobial activity of<jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Treponema denticola<\/jats:italic>as well as the effect on reducing volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>After<jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>T. denticola<\/jats:italic>were cultured with or without<jats:italic>Streptococcus salivarius<\/jats:italic>K12 and M18, VSCs were measured by Oral Chroma. In order to analyze the mechanism for malodor control, the antimicrobial activity of<jats:italic>S. salivarius<\/jats:italic>K12 and M18 against<jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>T. denticola<\/jats:italic>was assessed. SPSS 21.0 was used for data analysis with the Kruskal\u2013Wallis and Jonckheere\u2013Terpstra tests. Mann\u2013Whitney test was applied for post hoc analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>T. denticola<\/jats:italic>VSC levels were reduced by high concentrations of<jats:italic>S. salivarius<\/jats:italic>K12 and M18 during coculture. The concentrations were lower than those of single culture (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt; .05). An antimicrobial effect was detected on<jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>, and<jats:italic>T. denticola<\/jats:italic>by 50%<jats:italic>S. salivarius<\/jats:italic>K12 and M18. The spent culture medium and whole bacteria of<jats:italic>S. salivarius<\/jats:italic>K12 and M18 reduced the levels of VSCs below the amount in a single culture of<jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>T. denticola<\/jats:italic>(<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt; .05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>S. salivarius<\/jats:italic>K12 and M18 decreased the levels of VSCs originating from<jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>T. denticola.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.269","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,23]],"date-time":"2019-12-23T18:07:05Z","timestamp":1577124425000},"page":"207-214","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Inhibitory effect of<i>Streptococcus salivarius<\/i>K12 and M18 on halitosis in vitro"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Hyun\u2010Jun","family":"Yoo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Dentistry Dankook University College of Dentistry Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su\u2010Kyung","family":"Jwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Hygiene Ulsan College Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Da\u2010Hui","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Dentistry Dankook University College of Dentistry Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1182-2328","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yun\u2010Jeong","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Herbal Crop Utilization Research Team, Department of Herbal Crop Research Rural Development Administration (RDA) Chungbuk Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/idh.12046"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"196","article-title":"Oral malodor: Philosophical and practical aspects","volume":"63","author":"Bosy A.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of the Canadian Dental Association"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2006.01350.x","article-title":"A review of the current literature on management of halitosis","volume":"14","author":"Broek A. 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