{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T15:10:56Z","timestamp":1784733056823,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]],"date-time":"2020-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp; Exp Dental Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the validity of craniofacial growth predictors in class II and III malocclusion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>An electronic search was conducted until August 2020 in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, EBSCOhost, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Bireme, Lilacs and Scielo including all languages. The articles were selected and analyzed by two authors independently and the selected studies was assessed using the 14\u2010item Quality Assessment Tool for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS\u20102). The quality of evidence and strength of recommendation was assessed by the GRADE tool.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a selection process of two phases, 10 articles were included. The studies were grouped according to malocclusion growth predictor in (1) class II (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 4); (2) class III (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 5) and (3) class II and III (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 1). The predictors were mainly based on data extracted from cephalometries and characterized by: equations, structural analysis, techniques and computer programs among others. The analyzed studies were methodologically heterogeneous and had low to moderate quality. For class II malocclusion, the predictors proposed in the studies with the best methodological quality were based on mathematical models and the Fishman system of maturation assessment. For class III malocclusion, the Fishman system could provide adequate growth prediction for short\u2010 and long\u2010term.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Because of the heterogeneity of the design, methodology and the quality of the articles reviewed, it is not possible to establish only a growth prediction system for class II and III malocclusion. High\u2010quality cohort studies are needed, well defined data extraction from cephalometries, radiographies and clinical characteristics are required to design a reliable predictor.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.357","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]],"date-time":"2020-12-04T09:35:42Z","timestamp":1607074542000},"page":"242-262","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Craniofacial growth predictors for class <scp>II<\/scp> and <scp>III<\/scp> malocclusions: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8871-765X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Jim\u00e9nez\u2010Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthodontic and Orthopaedic Department, Faculty of Dentistry Universidad Andr\u00e9s Bello  Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1308-1087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Romano","family":"Carnevali\u2010Arellano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthodontic and Orthopaedic Department, Faculty of Dentistry Universidad Andr\u00e9s Bello  Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheilah","family":"Vivanco\u2010Coke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry University of Chile  Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9919-8576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julio","family":"Tobar\u2010Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry University of Chile  Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela","family":"Araya\u2010D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthodontic and Orthopaedic Department, Faculty of Dentistry Universidad Andr\u00e9s Bello  Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2589-5774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hern\u00e1n","family":"Palomino\u2010Montenegro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthodontic and Orthopaedic Department, Faculty of Dentistry Universidad Andr\u00e9s Bello  Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/25.6.599"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(94)70022-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","first-page":"700","article-title":"Semilongitudinal cephalometric study of craniofacial growth in untreated Class III malocclusion","volume":"135","author":"Alexander A. 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