{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T16:35:53Z","timestamp":1764174953084,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,9]],"date-time":"2021-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Academy of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["130204\/2008","16438\/2006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["130204\/2008","16438\/2006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007634","name":"Ida Montinin S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007634","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004212","name":"P\u00e4ivikki ja Sakari Sohlbergin S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004212","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007650","name":"Suomen Hammasl\u00e4\u00e4k\u00e4riliitto","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007650","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp; Exp Dental Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Natural history of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the head and neck region is poorly understood, and their impact on collective HPV\u2010specific immunity is not known.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, we have performed a systematic analysis of HPV16\u2010specific cell\u2010mediated immunity (CMI) in 21 women with known oral and genital HPV DNA status and HPV serology (Ab) based on 6\u2010year follow\u2010up data. These women being a subgroup from the Finnish Family HPV Study were recalled for blood sampling to be tested for their CMI\u2010responses to HPV16 E2, E6, and E7 peptides.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results showed that HPV16 E2\u2010specific lymphocyte proliferation was more prevalent in women who tested HPV16 DNA negative in oral mucosa and were either HPV16 seropositive or negative than in HPV16 DNA+\/Ab+ women (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.046 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.035). In addition, the HPV16 DNA\u2212\/Ab\u2212 women most often displayed E6\u2010specific proliferation (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.020). Proportional cytokine profiles indicated that oral HPV16\u2010negative women were characterized by prominent IFN\u2010\u03b3 and IL\u20105 secretion not found in women with persisting oral HPV16 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.014 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.040, respectively).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results indicate that the naturally arising immune response induced by oral HPV infections displays a mixed Th1\/Th2\/Th17 cytokine profile while women with persisting oral HPV16 might have an impaired HPV16\u2010specific CMI, shifted partly toward a Th2 profile, similarly as seen earlier among patients with high\u2010grade genital HPV lesions. Thus, the lack of HPV 16 E2 and E6 specific T memory cells and Th2 cytokines might also predispose women for persistent oral HPV16 infection which might be related to the risk of cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,14]],"date-time":"2021-01-14T21:51:32Z","timestamp":1610661092000},"page":"903-913","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Interferon\u2010\u03b3 and <scp>IL<\/scp>\u20105 associated cell\u2010mediated immune responses to <scp>HPV16 E2<\/scp> and <scp>E6<\/scp> distinguish between persistent oral <scp>HPV16<\/scp> infections and noninfected mucosa"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Paaso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine University of Turku  Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanna\u2010Mari","family":"Koskimaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine University of Turku  Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marij J. P.","family":"Welters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Oncology Leiden University Medical Center  Leiden The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katja","family":"Kero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Turku University Hospital  Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9946-2974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaana","family":"Rautava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine University of Turku  Turku Finland"},{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital  Helsinki 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