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However, local antibiotic treatment, combined with conventional mechanical debridement, has recently been shown to be more effective in periodontitis subjects with type 2 diabetes. This suggests that some bacteria may invade the inflamed inner gingival epithelium, and mechanical debridement alone will be unable to reduce these bacteria completely. Therefore, we tried to establish infected organ culture models that mimic the inner gingival epithelium and aimed to see the effects of antibiotics in these established models. Mouse dorsal skin epithelia were isolated, and periodontal bacteria were injected into the epithelia. Infected epithelia were incubated with test antibiotics, and colony\u2010forming ability was evaluated. Results indicated that effective antibiotics differed according to injected bacteria and the bacterial combinations tested. Overall, in organ culture model, the combination of amoxicillin or cefdinir and metronidazole compensate for the effects of less effective bacterial combinations on each other. This in vitro study would suggest effective periodontal treatment regimens, especially for severe periodontitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.48","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,24]],"date-time":"2016-11-24T09:22:41Z","timestamp":1479979361000},"page":"5-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Antibiotic effects against periodontal bacteria in organ cultured tissue"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Masaaki","family":"Takeshita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Periodontology, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science Kyushu University  Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Haraguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Periodontology, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science Kyushu University  Fukuoka Japan"},{"name":"Division of General Dentistry, Kyushu University 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