{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T05:10:37Z","timestamp":1789708237127,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,7]],"date-time":"2021-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630972800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004035","name":"Jordan University of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20190060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20190060"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004035","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp; Exp Dental Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most patients seek orthodontic treatment to achieve an esthetic outcome. Orthodontic treatment has possible negative sequelae. The aim of this study is to assess these possible effects on the periodontium and tissue esthetics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      One hundred fifty\u2010six patients who have completed orthodontic treatment at Jordan University of Science and Technology clinics were recruited. They were divided into extraction and nonextraction subgroups. Another 155 patients never undergoing orthodontic treatment were assessed. The height of papilla, width of keratinized gingiva, gingival recession, degree of tooth display, smile line, crestal bone level, and proximal caries were assessed. Chi\u2010 square test was used for categorical\/discrete variables while independent t\u2010test was used for continuous variables. The level of significance was set at (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0\u2264\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean age was 22\u2009years with no significant difference between the groups. There was a significant difference between \u201cortho\u201d and \u201cnonortho\u201d groups in tooth display and keratinized gingiva (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u20090.006 and &lt;0.001, respectively). The overall crestal bone level, smile line, recession, and papilla fill did not show any significant differences (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u20090.200, 0.067, 0.120, and 0.066, respectively). The crestal bone level in the upper and lower anterior segments was significantly lower in the \u201cortho\u201d treated group compared to the \u201cnonortho\u201d treated group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u20090.002 and 0.005, respectively). A significant difference between \u201cextraction\u201d and \u201cnonextraction\u201d groups was in the width of keratinized gingiva (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u20090.003) and the number of teeth displayed (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u20090.001). Despite reaching statistical significance these differences are not necessarily of clinical significance.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Orthodontic treatment clearly affects the periodontal tissues; however, the detrimental effects appear to be minimal. Patients with history of orthodontic treatment might have lower crestal bone levels at certain sites and this should not be confused with periodontal disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.480","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,7]],"date-time":"2021-09-07T19:45:19Z","timestamp":1631043919000},"page":"410-420","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The effect of orthodontic treatment on the periodontium and soft tissue esthetics in adult patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6935-1245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reem S.","family":"Abdelhafez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Dentistry Jordan University of Science and Technology  Irbid Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad A.","family":"Talib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Dentistry Jordan University of Science and Technology  Irbid Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dafi S.","family":"Al\u2010Taani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Dentistry Jordan University of Science and Technology  Irbid Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/0003-3219(2008)078[0662:AROTMC]2.0.CO;2"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"35","article-title":"The effect of orthodontic treatment on alveolar bone adjacent to the cetnento\u2010enamel junction","volume":"37","author":"Baxter D. 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