{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T19:06:10Z","timestamp":1773255970170,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,27]],"date-time":"2022-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645920000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp; Exp Dental Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) perturbs the tongue motor control and consequently impairs oral function, but strength training reduces this impairment. However, tongue motor control is widely reduced to a matter of strength.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the accuracy of the tongue placement as a measure of tongue motor control in patients with TMD compared with age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched healthy participants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This proof\u2010of\u2010concept case\u2010control study was prospective, observational, and part of the TMIQ study (NCT04102306). After pointing against a wood stick while maintaining the tongue as sharp as possible, the examinator drew the contour of the tongue print on the wood stick, which was then scanned for image analyses to compute the area for each participant using ImageJ.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 94 participants were included, all patients with TMD (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200947) diagnosed with myalgia, 61% with intra\u2010articular joint disorder accordingly to the DC\/TMD. The median (IQR) tongue print area was 117 (111) mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> for the TMD group and 93.5 (76.2) mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> for the control group (<jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009352, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.04) and the median [95% confidence interval] difference was 25.4 [1.3; 51.0] mm\u00b2. Overlapping of the 95% confidence intervals of the area evidenced no significant difference between the categories of the DC\/TMD. The corrected each area\u2013total correlation (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.24) suggests a reasonably homogenous thus valid measure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results suggest that TMD impairs the motor control of the tongue. Therefore, the sharpest tongue pointing test may constitute a simple and accessible clinical tool to assess the accuracy of tongue placement in TMD patients. The study was registered on <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/ClinicalTrial.gov\">ClinicalTrial.gov<\/jats:ext-link> with identification number NCT04102306.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.549","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,27]],"date-time":"2022-02-27T15:48:57Z","timestamp":1645976937000},"page":"529-536","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Impaired tongue motor control after temporomandibular disorder: A proof\u2010of\u2010concept case\u2010control study of tongue print"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Caroline","family":"Alvarado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cabinet de kin\u00e9sith\u00e9rapie Saint\u2010Alexandre  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"Arminjon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cabinet de kin\u00e9sith\u00e9rapie Saint\u2010Alexandre  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clovis","family":"Damieux\u2010Verdeaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cabinet de kin\u00e9sith\u00e9rapie Saint\u2010Alexandre  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Lhotte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cabinet de kin\u00e9sith\u00e9rapie Saint\u2010Alexandre  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chlo\u00e9","family":"Condemine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cabinet de kin\u00e9sith\u00e9rapie Saint\u2010Alexandre  Lyon France"},{"name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon, Groupement Hospitalier sud Chirurgie maxillo\u2010faciale  Pierre\u2010Be\u0301nite Cedex France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne\u2010Sabine","family":"Cousin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon, Groupement Hospitalier sud Chirurgie maxillo\u2010faciale  Pierre\u2010Be\u0301nite Cedex France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Sigaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon, Groupement Hospitalier sud Chirurgie maxillo\u2010faciale  Pierre\u2010Be\u0301nite Cedex France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Bouletreau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon, Groupement Hospitalier sud Chirurgie maxillo\u2010faciale  Pierre\u2010Be\u0301nite Cedex France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4867-4146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Mateo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Trajectoires Team, CNRS UMR5292, INSERM U1028 Universit\u00e9 de Lyon, Universit\u00e9 Lyon 1  Lyon France"},{"name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon H\u00f4pital Henry Gabrielle, Plate\u2010forme Mouvement et Handicap Lyon France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-013-9451-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-013-9486-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2014.921245"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13309"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03610927508827260"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1972.10481279"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/crn.2013.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2008.156430"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.112.1.155"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1999.86.5.1468"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39335.541782.AD"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2014.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","volume-title":"Discovering Statistics Using R","author":"Field A. 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