{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T08:29:35Z","timestamp":1787905775719,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,12]],"date-time":"2017-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1491955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp; Exp Dental Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Cytokines are thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Because periodontal disease is known for its inhomogeneous distribution within the dentition, it is unclear to what extent the detection of various cytokines at different sites correlates with presence of disease. We evaluated whether levels of 12 cytokines in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) discriminated periodontally diseased sites from healthy ones, or periodontally diseased persons from healthy ones, and assessed the impact of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on these readings. This study included 20 periodontally healthy persons (H) and 24 patients with chronic periodontitis (P). In every participant, we measured the plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth (PD), bleeding on probing, and recession at six sites of every tooth. GCF was collected with Durapore\n                    <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                    filter strips from two healthy sites (PD&lt;4\u00a0mm; HH) in group H, and from two periodontally diseased sites (PD\u22655\u00a0mm; PP) and two periodontally healthy sites (PD\u22643\u00a0mm; PH) in group P. The periodontally diseased participants underwent comprehensive nonsurgical periodontal therapy including deep scaling and root planing under local anesthesia. In these participants, GCF samples were again collected at the same sites 1 and 3\u00a0months after therapy. Twelve cytokines (il\u20101\u03b2, il\u20101ra, il\u20106, il\u20108, il\u201017, b\u2010fgf, g\u2010csf, gm\u2010csf, ifn\u2010\u03b3, mip\u20101\u03b2, vegf, and tnf\u2010\u03b1) were assessed using the Bio\u2010Plex suspension array system. Mean plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, PD, and recession were significantly different between groups H and P. Differences between PP and PH sites were not significant for any of the cytokines. Il\u20101ra, il\u20106, il\u201017, b\u2010fgf, gm\u2010csf, mip\u20101\u03b2, and tnf\u2010\u03b1 differed significantly between HH sites and both PH and PP sites, whereas il\u20108 was significantly higher only at PP sites. Periodontal treatment increased gm\u2010csf and decreased il\u20101ra levels in PP sites. Il\u20101ra, il\u20106, il\u20108, il\u201017, b\u2010fgf, gm\u2010csf, mip\u20101\u03b2, and tnf\u2010\u03b1 identified patients with chronic periodontitis, rather than diseased sites, suggesting a generalized inflammatory state that is not limited to clinically diseased sites only.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.61","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,12]],"date-time":"2017-04-12T03:46:38Z","timestamp":1491968798000},"page":"62-68","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Effect of initial periodontal therapy on gingival crevicular fluid cytokine profile in subjects with chronic periodontitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9468-8958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Zekeridou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology University of Geneva  Rue Barth\u00e9lemy\u2010Menn 19 CH\u20101205 Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Giannopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology University of Geneva  Rue Barth\u00e9lemy\u2010Menn 19 CH\u20101205 Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Cancela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology University of Geneva  Rue Barth\u00e9lemy\u2010Menn 19 CH\u20101205 Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Courvoisier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology University Hospitals of Geneva  Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Mombelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology University of Geneva  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