{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T20:21:22Z","timestamp":1789849282531,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]],"date-time":"2024-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp;amp; Exp Dental Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anticholinergics cause dry mouth and are highly relevant for dentists, but little is known about the relationships between intake and the occurrence of subjective and objective dry mouth with age. The German anticholinergic burden score (GACB) is a novel anticholinergic score that re\u2010evaluates medications, particularly, those with classification discrepancies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively investigated the GACB in older patients receiving dental care, evaluated whether GACB is related to xerostomia and unstimulated salivary secretion, and determined the influence of increasing age (beginning at 50 years of age). The GACB score quantified cumulative anticholinergic effects: 0 for no effect, 1 for possible, 2 for moderate, and 3 for strong. Cross\u2010sectional data in patients \u2265\u200950 years were collected, including xerostomia with the visual analog scale, unstimulated salivary flow rates, and the GACB scores.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 172 patients (mean age 65.67\u2009\u00b1\u20099.51 years), 23.8% had a GACB score \u2265\u20091. A moderate negative correlation was observed between GACB and unstimulated salivary flow rates (\u2009=\u2009\u22120.51). Patients with GACB\u2009\u2265\u20091 had fewer teeth (mean 21.76\u2009\u00b1\u20095.41) than those with GACB\u2009=\u20090 (24.07\u2009\u00b1\u20095.57). Moreover, unstimulated hyposalivation was observed in 61.0% with GACB\u2009\u2265\u20091 versus 6.8% with GACB\u2009=\u20090 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Escalating chronic systemic conditions and prescribed medications were recorded with increasing age; those aged 76\u201380 years had the highest burden.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The GACB quickly and reliably assesses anticholinergic exposure and risks for oral health in older patients. Routine use in those aged \u2265\u200950 years could enable early identification of risks and initiation of preventive dental measures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title><jats:p>German Registry for Clinical Trials: DRKS00032877 (<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.germanctr.de\">https:\/\/www.germanctr.de<\/jats:ext-link>; date of registration: 17.10.2023).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.70009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]],"date-time":"2024-11-05T11:45:29Z","timestamp":1730807129000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Anticholinergic Burden and Dry Mouth Problems Among Older Adults (\u2265\u200950 Years) Receiving Dental Care\u2014A Retrospective, Cross\u2010Sectional Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3269-8920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph Matthias","family":"Schoppmeier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Polyclinic for Operative Dentistry and Periodontology Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0306-5873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Deeg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polyclinic for Operative Dentistry and Periodontology Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4693-7184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael Jochen","family":"Wicht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polyclinic for Operative Dentistry and Periodontology Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0169-2582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna Greta","family":"Barbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polyclinic for Operative Dentistry and Periodontology Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-019-02795-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.19f13000"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2021.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40266-018-0588-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/scd.12599"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-022500"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","first-page":"S142","article-title":"The 2012 Update to the Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden Scale","volume":"61","author":"Campbell N. 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