{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T09:46:14Z","timestamp":1753868774526,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,30]],"date-time":"2025-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743292800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":57,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002383","name":"King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002383","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp;amp; Exp Dental Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional study aimed to investigate immunoglobulin G levels in saliva, gingival crevicular fluid, and serum samples from young patients with grade C molar incisor pattern periodontitis (C\/MIP) and age\u2010matched periodontitis\u2010free controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Saliva, gingival crevicular fluid, and blood samples were collected from 62 patients, divided into 31 cases and 31 periodontitis\u2010free age\u2010matched controls. Saliva and blood samples were centrifuged to extract supernatant and serum. Gingival crevicular fluid periopapers were eluted. Human total immunoglobulin G levels were assessed using an Enzyme\u2010Linked Immunosorbent Assay.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After adjusting for covariates, cases had higher Immunoglobulin G levels in saliva (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005), gingival crevicular fluid (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) than controls; however, serum did not reach the significant threshold (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.137). Among other factors contributing to immunoglobulin G levels, males had higher serum immunoglobulin G than females (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.018), and serum immunoglobulin G levels increased with age (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.033). Gender and ethnicity subgroup analyses revealed that C\/MIP males had higher saliva IgG (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.018) than control males, and both genders had higher GCF IgG than controls (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u20090.001). C\/MIP Caucasians had elevated saliva (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.011) and GCF IgG p\u2009=\u2009(0.003) compared to the controls, and Asians had higher GCF IgG than the controls (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.011).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study shows for the first time that C\/MIP cases have higher Immunoglobulin G levels than controls in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid, confirming its association with C\/MIP pathogenesis and suggesting that it could be a potential biomarker in grade C molar incisor pattern periodontitis. Further research on a larger sample size is needed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.70117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T21:26:31Z","timestamp":1743456391000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["IgG In Saliva, GCF, and Serum in Young Patients With Grade C Molar Incisor Pattern Periodontitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7430-8864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meaad M.","family":"Alamri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral &amp; Craniofacial Sciences King's College London London UK"},{"name":"Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences King Saud University Riyadh KSA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5684-841X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gordon","family":"Proctor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral &amp; Craniofacial Sciences King's College London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7750-5010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi","family":"Nibali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral &amp; Craniofacial Sciences King's College London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20002297.2023.2197779"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-023-05169-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12014"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051x.2002.290506.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0757.2002.290108.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jisp.jisp_512_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","first-page":"1109","article-title":"Local Antibodies and Cytokine Responses in Crevicular Fluid of Patients With Juvenile Periodontitis","volume":"371","author":"B\u00e1rtov\u00e1 J.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0968-0004(90)90178-E"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12935"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.12.980"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1998.tb02198.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-124x.118306"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","first-page":"517","article-title":"Consensus of a Group of Professional Societies and Diagnostic Companies on Guidelines for Interim Reference Ranges for 14 Proteins in Serum Based on the Standardization Against the IFCC\/BCR\/CAP Reference Material (CRM 470). 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