{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T16:47:30Z","timestamp":1791478050864,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp;amp; Exp Dental Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Music and aromatherapy are recognized as noninvasive methods for promoting relaxation. Endodontic treatment is often perceived as a stressful procedure in dental settings. This study aimed to assess the effects of these interventions on blood pressure and heart rate among patients undergoing root canal therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this single\u2010blind, parallel\u2010group, randomized clinical trial, 72 adult patients diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis and normal periapical conditions were referred to a dental school for endodontic treatment. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four groups: (1) control group, (2) music group (participants listened to tracks of Stefano Crespan Shantam, tuned to 432\u2009Hz), (3) aromatherapy group (participants were exposed to five drops of lavender oil via a humidifier), and (4) combined music and aromatherapy group. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and one\u2010way ANOVA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Although systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as heart rate, decreased in the intervention groups, there were no statistically significant differences compared to the control group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Music and aromatherapy did not produce statistically significant reductions in blood pressure and heart rate among endodontic patients. Alternative methods should be explored to manage patient anxiety better.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The present trial was registered in the Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20191228045910N1), available at\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.irct.ir\/trial\/46195\">https:\/\/www.irct.ir\/trial\/46195<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.70156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T07:19:13Z","timestamp":1749626353000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effects of Music and Aromatherapy on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Among Endodontic Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4456-9648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seyed Amir","family":"Mousavi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry Meharry Medical College Nashville Tennessee USA"},{"name":"Department of Endodontics, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fateme","family":"Nasiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melika Sadat Araghbidi","family":"Kashani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7408-0101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Ghazalgoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4813-4097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedram","family":"Iranmanesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1155-7459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soheil","family":"Shahbazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"114","article-title":"The Effect of Music Distraction on Pain, Anxiety and Behavior in Pediatric Dental Patients","volume":"24","author":"Aitken J. 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