{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T00:11:08Z","timestamp":1760746268375,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005001","name":"Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp;amp; Exp Dental Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Effects of treatment under general anesthesia versus several sessions of at\u2010office treatment on the transition of caries prevalence from primary to permanent dentitions have not been assessed. Moreover, other gaps exist in the literature.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This 4\u2010group non\u2010randomized clinical trial was performed on 280 children 8\u201310 years old in 4 groups, including both negative and positive controls: children with a history of caries in primary teeth who were (1) treated routinely in office (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200960) versus (2) under general anesthesia versus (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009110) (3) similar children undergoing no treatment versus (positive control, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200960) (4) children without a history of primary teeth caries (negative caries, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200950). A clinical assessment was performed to assess dmft (caries and restoration statuses of primary teeth), OHI\u2010S (oral hygiene), and ICDAS indexes (caries and restoration statuses of permanent molars). Data were analyzed (\u03b1\u2009=\u20090.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were significant, positive correlations among dmft, caries component of ICDAS, and OHI\u2010S (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010values\u2009=\u20090.000). The dmft scores were significantly different across 4 groups (Kruskal\u2013Wallis <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.000), with children treated under general anesthesia followed by in\u2010office treatment and no\u2010treatment positive control group having the highest dmft scores (all Bonferroni\u2010adjusted <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010values\u2009\u2264\u20090.013). The ICDAS\u2010caries of the general anesthesia group was significantly greater than the negative control, but also significantly smaller than both positive control and in\u2010office treatment group (all Bonferroni\u2010adjusted <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010values\u2009\u2264\u20090.009). Groups were different in terms of OHI\u2010S (Kruskal\u2013Wallis <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.000); hygiene was the worst in positive\u2010control and in\u2010office groups, followed by the anesthesia group and the negative control.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although children who underwent treatment with general anesthesia had the worst dmft scores, treatment under general anesthesia considerably reduced caries of their permanent first molars (as indicated by ICDAS scores) and oral hygiene (as indicated by OHI\u2010S) compared to children who were treated routinely in the office. Primary tooth caries might be a decisive predictor of permanent molar caries formation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.70187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T13:11:07Z","timestamp":1756386667000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Single\u2010Session Treatment of Primary Teeth Under General Anesthesia Versus At\u2010Office Multi\u2010session Treatment on Permanent Molar Caries Status: Nonrandomized Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2072-2089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shirin","family":"Taravati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2466-693X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sahar","family":"Tehrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7241-0493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masoumeh","family":"Khataminia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9503-3133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vahid","family":"Rakhshan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Formerly, Department of Dental Anatomy Azad University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Caries Risk Assessment: Why, When and How?","year":"2011","author":"Antonsen G. 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