{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T06:41:24Z","timestamp":1760683284040,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp;amp; Exp Dental Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the oral mucosa, genetic and molecular alterations, including mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene, have been implicated in OLP pathogenesis. However, its molecular mechanisms are not clearly understood. This study investigates p53 gene mutations in OLP lesions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study analyzed 43 paraffin\u2010embedded tissue blocks from OLP patients. Diagnosis was confirmed by two pathologists. Genomic DNA was extracted using a commercial kit, with quality and quantity assessed by spectrophotometry and agarose gel electrophoresis. PCR\u2010sequencing was performed on exons 5\u20138 and part of the adjacent introns of the p53 gene. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20, with Fisher's exact test and <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test applied to assess relationships between p53 mutations and clinical parameters; significance was set at <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study included 43 OLP cases (mean age 51.7\u202f\u2009\u00b1\u2009\u202f13.3 years; 65.1% female). Lesions were most frequently located on the buccal mucosa (65.1%), followed by the tongue (20.9%), gingiva (19.3%), and mandible (4.7%). DNA sequencing identified 13 nucleotide changes in the p53 gene in 9 samples (20.9%), distributed across exons 5\u20137 and intronic regions at codons 140, 171, 185, 213, and 246, as well as at IVS4:\u2009+8(C\/G), IVS7: \u221211(A\/C), and IVS4: \u221218(A\/T). Mutations included equal proportions of missense and silent changes, as well as transitions and transversions. Adenine mutations were most common (53.8%), followed by cytosine mutations (30.8%). No statistically significant associations were found between p53 mutations and patient gender, age, or anatomical site of sampling.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study identified p53 gene mutations in 21% of oral lichen planus (OLP) cases, with no demographic or pathological correlations. While highlighting p53's complex role and potential as a biomarker, limited sample size necessitates larger, multi\u2010center studies to clarify genetic\/environmental influences on OLP pathogenesis and mutation predisposition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.70206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T13:25:26Z","timestamp":1756387526000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of p53 Gene Mutations in Oral Lichen Planus Lesions in a Population From Iran"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Erfan","family":"Jokar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamad Kazem","family":"Radaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vahid","family":"Poladvand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery Jiroft University of Medical Sciences Jiroft Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abouzar Bagheri","family":"Haroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry\u2010Biophysics and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aetna","family":"Shiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Research Center Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Seyedmajidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Materials Research Center, Health Research Institute Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1785-7751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rouhallah","family":"Najjar Sadeghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran"},{"name":"Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-022-01775-w"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"749","article-title":"Frequency of p53 Gene Mutation and Protein Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"24","author":"Ara N.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons\u2013Pakistan: JCPSP"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40368-017-0315-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2017.180"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2018.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13030506"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2005.01142.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dentre.2021.100007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41418-022-00988-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2018.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2019.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.156315"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41418-024-01259-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2020.104974"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.26808"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-023-00814-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-021-00404-3"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","first-page":"S45","article-title":"Association of Intron and Exon Polymorphisms of p53 Gene in Iranian Patients With Gastritis","volume":"6","author":"Najjar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","first-page":"11126","article-title":"Oral Lichen Planus \u2013 A Retrospective Clinical Study in a Tertiary Care Centre","volume":"9","author":"Netha C. 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