{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T07:10:48Z","timestamp":1783149048765,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757980800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp;amp; Exp Dental Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This in vitro experimental study aimed to evaluate the effects of laboratory contamination of implant abutment screws and connection surfaces on reverse torque values (RTVs), as an indicator of screw preload loss.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010five Dentis One Q implants and 45 CCM UCLA abutments were randomly assigned into three groups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200915 per group). Group 1 (control) involved uncontaminated abutments and screws with no restorations. Group 2 (screw contamination) used new abutments attached with screws contaminated by laboratory materials (porcelain powder, metal debris, and polishing paste). Group 3 (connection contamination) included screw\u2010retained restorations fabricated under contaminated conditions and attached using new screws. All samples were subjected to standardized torque (250\u2009N\u00b7cm), thermocycling (1500 cycles between 5\u00b0C and 55\u00b0C), and subsequent RTV measurement. One\u2010way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests were used for statistical analysis (\u03b1\u2009=\u20090.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mean RTVs (SD) were 218 (0.15) N\u00b7cm (control), 181 (0.14) N\u00b7cm (screw contamination), and 207 (0.11) N\u00b7cm (connection contamination). RTVs in the screw contamination group were significantly lower than both the control (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and connection contamination groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The difference between the control and connection contamination groups was not statistically significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.08).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Laboratory contamination of implant components can significantly reduce reverse torque values, particularly in cases of screw contamination, indicating an increased risk of screw loosening. Contamination control during prosthetic procedures is essential to maintaining implant stability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.70222","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T21:28:48Z","timestamp":1758058128000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Effects of Laboratory Contamination of Implant Abutment Screw and Connection on Reverse Torque Value \u2013 An In Vitro Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Hamed","family":"Bahrami Maleki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry Ilam University of Medical Sciences Ilam Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3543-6325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mona","family":"Bazooband","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Dentist Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parviz","family":"Amini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10024-3388"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomimetics8020157"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11607\/jomi.8647"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","article-title":"Evaluate Crestal Bone Loss and Early Implant Losses in Immediate and Delayed Loading: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis","volume":"37","author":"Amini P.","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Special Education"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-69300-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"7725","article-title":"Evaluate the Prosthesis Failure, Complication Rate of Ceramic and Metal\u2010Ceramic Implant\u2010Supported Single Crowns: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis","volume":"14","author":"Bahrami","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eurasia Journal of Bioscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59010168"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb14030128"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","first-page":"582","article-title":"Effect of Fluid Contamination on Reverse Torque Values in Bone\u2010Level Implants","volume":"23","author":"Gumus H. 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