{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T16:15:33Z","timestamp":1788279333435,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002753","name":"Universidad Nacional de Colombia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002753","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp;amp; Exp Dental Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Laser photobiomodulation (PBM) influences cellular proliferation, morphology, and differentiation. Collagen membranes provide a bioactive scaffold that supports osteoblastic behavior; however, the effects of PBM on preosteoblastic Saos\u20102 cells cultured on these membranes remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of PBM on the proliferation, morphology, and differentiation of Saos\u20102 cells grown on collagen membranes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Saos\u20102 cells were cultured either on collagen membranes (Jason, Straumann) or directly on plates. Experimental groups included: Control (Saos\u20102), Saos\u20102+ Jason, Saos\u20102+Jason+Laser (976\u2009nm diode), Saos\u20102+Laser, and Saos\u20102+Jason+ODM (osteogenic differentiation medium). Cell proliferation was assessed with the resazurin assay on days 2, 5, and 7. Morphology was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were quantified using DCFH\u2010DA, ATP production by luminescence assay, and osteogenic markers (RUNX2 and BMP2) by RT\u2010qPCR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PBM reduced proliferation in Saos\u20102+Jason+Laser cells (49.5% on day 2) without affecting viability, suggesting differentiation rather than cytotoxicity. SEM revealed increased cell size and membrane blebbing in irradiated membrane cultures, whereas non\u2010irradiated cells showed fewer extensions. PBM significantly upregulated RUNX2 and BMP2 expression on day 7, accompanied by elevated ROS and ATP levels, indicating enhanced metabolic activity and osteogenic induction in the Saos\u20102+Jason+Laser group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PBM with a 976\u2009nm diode laser induces significant cellular responses in Saos\u20102 cells, characterized by reduced proliferation and enhanced osteoblastic differentiation, particularly when cultured on collagen membranes. These effects appear to be mediated by elevated ROS and ATP levels and by morphological characteristics consistent with differentiation. The findings highlight the potential of PBM as an adjunctive strategy for bone tissue regeneration and its promising application in regenerative dentistry, especially in combination with biomaterials such as collagen membranes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.70333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T07:52:52Z","timestamp":1777362772000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Photobiomodulation With 976 nm Diode Laser Enhances Osteoblastic Differentiation of Saos\u20102 Cells Cultured on Collagen Membranes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Escobar","family":"Lina M.","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaciones B\u00e1sicas y Aplicadas en Odontolog\u00eda, IBAPO Facultad de Odontolog\u00eda Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogot\u00e1 Colombia"},{"name":"Unidad de Manejo Integral de Malformaciones Craneofaciales UMIMC, Facultad de Odontolog\u00eda Universidad El Bosque Bogot\u00e1 Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bendahan","family":"Zita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Manejo Integral de Malformaciones Craneofaciales UMIMC, Facultad de Odontolog\u00eda Universidad El Bosque Bogot\u00e1 Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pinz\u00f3n","family":"Paula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaciones B\u00e1sicas y Aplicadas en Odontolog\u00eda, IBAPO Facultad de Odontolog\u00eda Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogot\u00e1 Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grajales","family":"Marggie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser Dentistry Master Program, European Program, EMDOLA University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3134-9198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Baldion","family":"Paula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Salud Oral, Facultad de Odontolog\u00eda Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogot\u00e1 Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22147586"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6626286"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2015.4035"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43630-024-00616-4"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","first-page":"41","article-title":"Low\u2010Level Laser (Light) Therapy (LLLT) in Skin: Stimulating, Healing, Restoring","volume":"32","author":"Avci 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