{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T16:57:31Z","timestamp":1790528251115,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790467200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp; Exp Dental Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Peri\u2010implantitis is a reality that clinicians face in their daily practice. Current evidence discusses the applicability of bacteriostatic or bactericidal methods in order to minimize the colonization of bacteria, which entails controversy. In this scenario there arises a need to develop surfaces that minimize bacteria's appetite for them.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An in vitro microbiological study was conducted to assess the effect of a chlorhexidine\u2010based bioadhesive gel on the growth and adhesion of a simplified peri\u2010implantitis\u2013associated microbial consortium. Grade IV titanium disks with three surface types (machined, sandblasted, and ContacTi) were incubated with the consortium under anaerobic conditions for 10 days, with and without gel treatment. Microbial viability was evaluated by colony\u2010forming unit (CFU) counts, and biofilm structure was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Microbial community composition was assessed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After 10 days, gel\u2010treated implants showed complete inhibition of cultivable microorganisms, with CFU values reduced below the detection limit on all surfaces, compared with untreated implants (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). In untreated samples, ContacTi surfaces exhibited higher bacterial viability than machined and sandblasted surfaces. Metataxonomic analysis revealed a marked reduction in peri\u2010implant pathogens, particularly\n                      <jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , whose relative abundance decreased from approximately 20% in the initial inoculum to ~1% after incubation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The bioadhesive gel demonstrated a quantitatively significant antimicrobial effect, preventing biofilm formation on all tested implant surfaces after 10 days.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.70422","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T16:55:21Z","timestamp":1790528121000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development of a New Bioadhesive Gel in the Prevention of Bacterial Biofilms on Dental Implants: An In Vitro Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5196-1675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Baus\u2010Dom\u00ednguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry University of Seville Seville Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Hermida\u2010Cabrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry University of Seville Seville Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1900-7099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Pascual","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences Universidad Europea de Valencia Valencia Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Vivancos\u2010Cuadras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LACER Medical Department Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda\u2010\u00c1ngeles","family":"Serrera\u2010Figallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry University of Seville Seville Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9\u2010Luis","family":"Guti\u00e9rrez\u2010P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry University of Seville Seville Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Torres\u2010Lagares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry University of Seville Seville Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13992","article-title":"Surface Decontamination Protocols for Surgical Treatment of Peri\u2010Implantitis: A Systematic Review With Meta\u2010Analysis","volume":"33","author":"Baima G.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clinical Oral Implants Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E9","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2015.171","article-title":"Implant Surface Characteristics and Their Effect on Osseointegration","volume":"218","author":"Barfeie A.","year":"2015","journal-title":"British Dental Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13409","article-title":"Topographic Characterization of Multispecies Biofilms Growing on Dental Implant Surfaces: An In 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Controlled Clinical Trial","volume":"95","author":"Carcuac O.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Dental Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.4103\/jips.jips_102_23","article-title":"Efficacy of Implantoplasty in Management of Peri\u2010Implantitis: A Systematic Review","volume":"23","author":"Dasgupta D.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202402926","article-title":"Progress in Designing Therapeutic Antimicrobial Hydrogels Targeting Implant\u2010Associated Infections: Paving the Way for a Sustainable Platform Applied to Biomedical Devices","volume":"14","author":"Dini C.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Advanced Healthcare Materials"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034518792567","article-title":"Trends in Dental Implant Use in the US, 1999\u20102016, and Projections to 2026","volume":"97","author":"Elani H. W.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Dental Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7246155","article-title":"Prolonged Inhibition of Streptococcus mutans Growth and Biofilm Formation by Sustained Release of Chlorhexidine From Varnish Coated Dental Abutments: An in Vitro Study","volume":"2022","author":"Feldman M.","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","first-page":"289","article-title":"Long Term Clinical Performance of 10,871 Dental Implants With Up to 22 Years of Follow\u2010Up: A Cohort Study in 4,247 Patients","volume":"23","author":"French D.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1038\/s41415-024-7402-z","article-title":"Peri\u2010Implant Mucositis and Peri\u2010Implantitis: Key Features and Differences","volume":"236","author":"Heitz\u2010Mayfield L. J. A.","year":"2024","journal-title":"British Dental Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","first-page":"849","article-title":"Implant Surface Conditioning With Tetracycline\u2010HCl: A SEM Study","volume":"361","author":"Herr Y.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Key Engineering Materials"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13823","article-title":"Prevention and Treatment of Peri\u2010Implant Diseases: The EFP S3 Level Clinical Practice Guideline","volume":"50","author":"Herrera D.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Periodontology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034517731768","article-title":"The Impact of Incorporating Antimicrobials Into Implant Surfaces","volume":"97","author":"Hickok N. J.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Dental Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1971","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-019-03060-2","article-title":"Anti\u2010Infective Therapy of Peri\u2010Implant Mucositis With Adjunctive Delivery of a Sodium Hypochlorite Gel: A 6\u2010Month Randomized Triple\u2010Blind Controlled Clinical Trial","volume":"24","author":"Iorio\u2010Siciliano V.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clinical Oral Investigations"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10081641","article-title":"The Impact of Dental Implant Surface Modifications on Osseointegration and Biofilm Formation","volume":"10","author":"Kligman S.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19159358","article-title":"Clinical Efficacy of 1% CHX Gluconate Gel and 0.12% CHX Solution: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"19","author":"Lee S.\u2010Y.","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2008.01524.x","article-title":"Adsorption of Salivary and Serum Proteins, and Bacterial Adherence on Titanium and Zirconia Ceramic Surfaces","volume":"19","author":"Lima E. 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H.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4237","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-020-03646-1","article-title":"Bioadhesion in the Oral Cavity and Approaches for Biofilm Management by Surface Modifications","volume":"24","author":"Sterzenbach T.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clinical Oral Investigations"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2006.01353.x","article-title":"Effect of Material Characteristics and\/or Surface Topography on Biofilm Development","volume":"17","author":"Teughels W.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clinical Oral Implants Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.11607\/jomi.3099","article-title":"Effects of Oral Implant Surface Roughness on Bacterial Biofilm Formation and Treatment Efficacy","volume":"28","author":"Yan Lin H.","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Experimental Dental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cre2.70422","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cre2.70422","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cre2.70422","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T16:55:27Z","timestamp":1790528127000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cre2.70422"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cre2.70422"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cre2.70422","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2057-4347","2057-4347"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2057-4347","type":"print"},{"value":"2057-4347","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-16","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70422"}}