{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T13:44:36Z","timestamp":1792071876093,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp; Exp Dental Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This micro\u2010computed tomography (micro\u2010CT) study aimed to evaluate the shaping ability of two nickel\u2013titanium (NiTi) rotary systems\u2014XP4 and ProTaper Next (PTN)\u2014in 3D\u2010printed replicas of C\u2010shaped canals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Two extracted mandibular second molars with C\u2010shaped root canals\u2014one continuous (Melton's Category I) and one discontinuous (Melton's Category II\/III)\u2014were selected and replicated via 3D printing. Replica accuracy was validated by best\u2011fit alignment. Sixteen resin replicas per specimen were randomly assigned to PTN or XP4 instrumentation (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20098 per group) following the manufacturers' protocols. Pre\u2010 and post\u2010instrumentation micro\u2010CT scans were performed. Three\u2010dimensional registration and reconstruction enabled quantitative analysis of (1) volume\/surface area changes and (2) unprepared canal surfaces.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The replicas demonstrated high fabrication fidelity. In continuous C\u2010shaped canals, PTN removed significantly less resin (2.7\u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      , 7.4% of initial volume) than XP4 (4.3\u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      , 11.6%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Conversely, in discontinuous C\u2010shaped configurations, PTN exhibited greater removal (13.0\u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      , 23.1%) versus XP4 (8.9\u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      , 15.8%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Unprepared canal surface in continuous C replicas was higher with PTN (42.0%) than XP4 (25.5%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01), whereas no significant difference was observed in discontinuous C replicas (PTN: 32.0%, XP4: 31.6%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Procedural complications were observed exclusively in discontinuous C\u2010shaped canals, with PTN causing two cases of critical wall thinning and XP4 exhibiting two instrument separations.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In continuous C\u2010shaped canal replicas, XP4 showed superior shaping capability with significantly lower percentages of unprepared surface compared to PTN. In discontinuous C\u2010shaped configurations, both systems achieved comparable unprepared surface areas, although they differed markedly in resin removal patterns and iatrogenic risks. These results indicate that the relative performance and safety profiles of NiTi systems may vary depending on specific C\u2010shaped canal anatomy. Clinicians should consider canal configuration, curvature severity, and dentin thickness when selecting instruments for C\u2010shaped canal instrumentation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.70434","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T18:27:11Z","timestamp":1786645631000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Shaping Performance of XP4 versus ProTaper Next in C\u2010Shaped Canals: A Micro\u2010CT Study of 3D\u2010Printed Mandibular Second Molar Replicas"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Zaidao","family":"Xiong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry and Central Lab, Ninth People's Hospital of Suzhou Soochow University Suzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6717-998X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongchun","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry and Central Lab, Ninth People's Hospital of Suzhou Soochow University Suzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry and Central Lab, Ninth People's Hospital of Suzhou Soochow University Suzhou 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