{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T01:37:04Z","timestamp":1792460224262,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]],"date-time":"2023-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005117","name":"Birjand University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5420"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5420"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005117","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp; Exp Dental Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a cell\u2010mediated inflammatory mucosal disorder and is classified as an oral potentially malignant disorder. Some research has shown that apoptosis in OLP cells is similar to a viral infection such as human papillomavirus (HPV). So, the aim of this case\u2010control study was to investigate the association of high\u2010risk HPV with OLP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>DNA was extracted from 25 formalin\u2010fixed, paraffin\u2010embedded (FFPE) OLP tissues and 25 FFPE normal oral tissues as case and control groups, respectively. The presence of high\u2010risk HPV16 and HPV18 DNA was investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010value&lt;.05 was considered significant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twelve samples (48%) of OLPs were positive for HPV16, compared with six samples (24%) of controls; although the difference was not significant, it was borderline (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.07). Three samples (12%) of OLPs were positive for HPV18 compared with one sample (4%) of controls; the difference was not significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.3). The total frequency of both high\u2010risk HPV were 14 samples (56%) of OLPs and 7 samples (28%) of controls; there was a significant association between the high\u2010risk HPV and OLP (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.04). High\u2010risk HPVs was more prevalent in erosive\u2010atrophic (EA) form of OLP as compared to non\u2010EA form, although the difference was not significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.13).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results suggest a significant association between high\u2010risk HPVs and OLP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.707","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]],"date-time":"2023-01-13T14:50:58Z","timestamp":1673621458000},"page":"93-99","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The association between high\u2010risk human papillomavirus and oral lichen planus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Maryam","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee Birjand University of Medical Sciences Birjand Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7443-0607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamid","family":"Abbaszadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry Birjand University of Medical Sciences Birjand Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1262-4668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nooshin","family":"Mohtasham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral and Maxillofacial Disease Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry Mashhad University of Medical Science Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamid","family":"Salehiniya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Determinants of Health Research Center Birjand University of Medical Sciences Birjand Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ebrahim","family":"Shafaie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Research Center Birjand University of Medical Sciences Birjand Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"47","article-title":"Neoplastic transformation of oral lichen: Case report and review of the literature","volume":"26","author":"Abbate G.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica: organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico\u2010facciale"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"30","article-title":"Frequency of oral lichen planus in patients with noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus","volume":"22","author":"Ahmed I.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"132","article-title":"Association between hepatitis C virus and oral lichen planus","volume":"11","author":"Alves M. 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