{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T19:57:25Z","timestamp":1790452645858,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]],"date-time":"2023-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp; Exp Dental Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to identify oral <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> species and characterize their adhesion properties and antibacterial activity in patients with periodontitis compared with periodontally healthy individuals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three hundred and fifty\u2010four isolates\u00a0from the saliva, subgingival, and tongue plaque of 59 periodontitis patients and 59 healthy individuals were analyzed. Oral <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> species were identified through the culture method in the modified MRS medium and confirmed by molecular testing. Moreover, the radial diffusion assay and cell culture methods were used to determine the antibacterial activities of oral strains against oral pathogens and their adhesion activity in vitro.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>67.7% of the cases and 75.7% of the control samples were positive for the\u00a0<jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> species. <jats:italic>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Limosilactobacillus fermentum<\/jats:italic> were the dominant species in the case group, whereas <jats:italic>Lacticaseibacillus casei<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum<\/jats:italic> were dominant in the control group. <jats:italic>Lactobacillus crispatus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Lactobacillus gasseri<\/jats:italic> had higher antibacterial effects against oral pathogens. Moreover, <jats:italic>Ligilactobacillus salivarius<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>L. fermentum<\/jats:italic> demonstrated the highest ability to adhere to oral mucosal cells and salivary\u2010coated hydroxyapatite.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>L. crispatus, L. gasseri, L. fermentum<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>L. salivarius<\/jats:italic> can be introduced as probiotic candidates since they demonstrated appropriate adherence to oral mucosal cells and salivary\u2010coated hydroxyapatite and also antibacterial activities. However, further studies should be conducted to assess the safety of probiotic interventions using\u00a0these strains in patients with periodontal disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.740","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]],"date-time":"2023-04-20T16:24:05Z","timestamp":1682007845000},"page":"746-756","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Oral <i>Lactobacillus<\/i> species and their probiotic capabilities in patients with periodontitis and periodontally healthy individuals"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Arghavan","family":"Etebarian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Department, School of Dentistry Alborz University of Medical Sciences Karaj Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tahere","family":"Sheshpari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, School of Medicine Alborz University of Medical Sciences Karaj Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kourosh","family":"Kabir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Community Medicine Department, Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center Alborz University of Medical Sciences Karaj Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanieh","family":"Sadeghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee Alborz University of Medical Sciences Karaj Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abouzar","family":"Moradi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Periodontology Department, School of Dentistry Alborz University of Medical Sciences Karaj Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2711-8290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Avin","family":"Hafedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee Alborz University of Medical Sciences Karaj Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"Abdel\u2010Daim A. 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