{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T08:59:55Z","timestamp":1768553995958,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]],"date-time":"2023-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp;amp; Exp Dental Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectves<\/jats:title><jats:p>Different surface preparation and treatment methods may have dissimilar effects on the microleakage of composite resin. This study was conducted to determine the deproteinizing effect of 10% bromelain enzyme, 10% papain enzyme, CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, and erbium\u2010YAG laser in regard to decrease in the microleakage of composite restorations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty teeth were selected and 60 class V cavities were prepared on the lingual and buccal sides. They were divided into six groups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910): Group 1, phosphoric acid gel; Group 2, bromelain enzyme 10%; Group 3, papain enzyme 10%; Group 4, mixed papain and bromelain enzymes 10%; Group 5, CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> laser; and Group 6, erbium\u2010YAG laser. They were stored in basic fuchsine and dye penetration was evaluated. Kruskal\u2013Wallis and Mann\u2013Whitney tests were used for statistical analysis, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In both occlusal and gingival margins, comparison of microleakage between groups 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 showed no significant differences (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091) and group 6 had a significant difference with other groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u02c2\u20090.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Microleakage of composite resin in the dentin surface was not affected significantly using either bromelain or papain 10% enzymes or erbium laser. However, CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> laser had a negative effect on the enamel and dentin margins and increased the microleakage. Erbium laser showed a better effect than enzymes on microleakage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.822","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T06:35:25Z","timestamp":1701412525000},"page":"1112-1121","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Evaluation of the microleakage of class V composite restoration after cavity treatment with Erbium, CO<sub>2<\/sub> lasers, Papain, and Bromelain enzymes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2547-079X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farahnaz","family":"Sharafeddin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Dentistry, Biomaterials Research Center, School of Dentistry Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anahita Fadaei","family":"Tabrizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomaterials Research Center, School of Dentistry Shiraz University of Medical Science  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01694243.2021.1872195"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000081659"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874210601610010148"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-0707.164029"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2006.24.214"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-0707.131778"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15171\/jlms.2019.49"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","first-page":"290","article-title":"Antibacterial effects of Carica papaya fruit on common wound organisms","volume":"52","author":"Dawkins G.","year":"2003","journal-title":"The West Indian Medical Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-237X.123015"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"Microleakage of composite resin restorations in class V cavities etched by Er:YAG laser with different pulse modes","volume":"7","author":"Donmez N.","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Laser and Health Academy"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0109-5641(97)80005-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.31141"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","first-page":"471","article-title":"Effect of irradiation type (LED or QTH) on photo\u2010activated composite shrinkage strain kinetics, temperature rise, and hardness","volume":"110","author":"Hottmann N.","year":"2002","journal-title":"European Journal of Pharmaceutical Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10005-1193"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","first-page":"37","article-title":"Effects of Er:YAG laser and 2% chlorhexidine on microleakage of a self\u2010adhesive agent (bond force) in class V composite restorations","volume":"6","author":"Kasraei S.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20396\/bjos.v16i0.8651051"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","first-page":"391","article-title":"Papain\u2013based gel for chemo\u2010mechanical caries removal: Influence on microleakage and microshear bond strength of esthetic restorative materials","volume":"8","author":"Khattab N.","year":"2012","journal-title":"American Journal of Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-023-03767-5"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","first-page":"93","article-title":"Effect of a papain\u2010based gel for chemomechanical caries removal on dentin shear bond strength","volume":"74","author":"Lopez M. 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