{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T16:16:18Z","timestamp":1789834578339,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp;amp; Exp Dental Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the impact of resin infiltration treatment on enamel color stability and surface roughness after simulating daily exposure to coffee stains and regular toothbrushing with standard toothpaste.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this in vitro study, we utilized 47 caries\u2010free human enamel specimens, which were divided into two distinct groups. The teeth in the study group underwent artificial demineralization, Icon resin infiltration, and polishing, while the control group received only polishing. Following this, all teeth from both groups were regularly immersed in freshly brewed coffee for 15\u2009min, twice daily, over a span of 30 days. After each staining session, the teeth underwent 10 heavy circular strokes using a soft toothbrush and standard toothpaste. Color changes were measured on Days 1 and 30 using a spectrophotometer. The L*, a*, b* color system defined by the International Commission on Illumination was used to assess the changes. Surface roughness was evaluated at baseline and after 30 days using a 3D surface Metrology Microscope.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After 30 days of immersion in coffee, both the study and control groups showed significant changes in color. However, differences were statistically significant between groups for \u201cL\u201d and \u201ca\u201d parameter but not for \u201cb.\u201d The overall color change in the study group was higher than the control group. There were no significant differences in surface roughness within or between the groups before and after staining and brushing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Resin infiltration leads to a significant increase in staining compared to untreated enamel. These staining properties should be taken into account when making clinical decisions regarding the treatment of white spot lesions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.834","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T16:04:15Z","timestamp":1706803455000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Evaluating color stability and enamel surface roughness following resin infiltration treatment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1598-1318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Y.","family":"Sabti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Dental Practice, College of Dentistry Kuwait University  Kuwait Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1022-4908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isra Y.","family":"Alfarhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Dental Practice, College of Dentistry Kuwait University  Kuwait Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4602-3764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aqdar A.","family":"Akbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Dental Practice, College of Dentistry Kuwait University  Kuwait Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2800-0307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muawia A.","family":"Qudeimat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental and Preventive Sciences, College of Dentistry Kuwait University  Kuwait Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"197","article-title":"Minimally invasive treatment of white spot lesions\u2014A systematic review","volume":"14","author":"Abdullah Z.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"Al\u2010Kandari J. J.Evaluation of the mineralization of enamel by different formulations and concentrations of fluoride toothpastes in vitro.2017.https:\/\/etheses.whiterose.ac.uk\/18297\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"39","article-title":"Clinical safety, quality and effect of resin infiltration for proximal caries","volume":"15","author":"Altarabulsi M. B.","year":"2014","journal-title":"European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2341\/14-290-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2341\/13-150-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15644\/asc49\/4\/5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","first-page":"e231","article-title":"Resin infiltrant for non\u2010cavitated caries lesions: Evaluation of color stability","volume":"9","author":"Ceci M.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/idh.12529"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2010.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","first-page":"505","article-title":"In vitro colorimetric evaluation of the efficacy of home bleaching and over\u2010the\u2010counter bleaching products","volume":"41","author":"Dietschi D.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Quintessence International (Berlin, Germany: 1985)"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0109-5641(94)90059-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","article-title":"Micro\u2010invasive interventions for managing proximal dental decay in primary and permanent teeth","volume":"11","author":"Dorri M.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","article-title":"Enamel remineralization and surface roughness after treatment with herbal\u2010containing toothpastes","volume":"13","author":"Forcin L.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","first-page":"99","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of resin infiltration and remineralisation of noncavitated smooth surface caries lesions: 6\u2010month results","volume":"17","author":"G\u00f6zetici B.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.12279"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2006.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2013.11.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-5037.2007.00253.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/111615-777.1"},{"issue":"22","key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","article-title":"Durability of infiltrated resin application on white spot lesions after different challenges: An ex vivo study","volume":"0022","author":"Liu G.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034516629116"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2341\/16-144-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2013.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2013.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","first-page":"39","article-title":"Effect of staining solutions on discoloration of resin nanocomposites","volume":"23","author":"Park J. K.","year":"2010","journal-title":"American Journal of Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","first-page":"e1120","article-title":"Comparative analysis of the remineralization potential of CPP\u2010ACP with fluoride, tri\u2010calcium phosphate and nano hydroxyapatite using SEM\/EDX\u2014An in vitro study","volume":"11","author":"Thimmaiah C.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1697405"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","first-page":"485","article-title":"Randomised clinical trial on resin infiltration and fluoride varnish vs fluoride varnish treatment only of smooth\u2010surface early caries lesions in deciduous teeth","volume":"14","author":"Turska\u2010Szybka A.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-022-04727-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2341\/15-319-L"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Experimental Dental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cre2.834","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]],"date-time":"2024-02-12T15:05:42Z","timestamp":1707750342000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cre2.834"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cre2.834"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cre2.834","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2057-4347","2057-4347"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2057-4347","type":"print"},{"value":"2057-4347","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-10-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-02-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e2834"}}