{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T04:21:30Z","timestamp":1791001290055,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp;amp; Exp Dental Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the effect of common beverages on four currently used provisional restoration materials: Protemp\u00ae4, Integrity\u00ae, polymethyl methacrylate\u00a0(PMMA) block, and acrylic resin. Flowable resin composite is included as a control group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Each material was formed into disks of 10\u2010mm diameter and 4\u2010mm thickness (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200940) by loading the material into acrylic molds. The exposed surface in the mold was covered using a glass slide to prevent an oxygen inhibition layer, and polymerization then proceeded. The solidified disks were placed in distilled water for 24\u2009h. These samples (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098) were then immersed for 14 days in one of four different beverages: water, orange juice, cola, and coffee. Changes in color dimension, hardness, and roughness were observed and then analyzed using two\u2010way repeated analysis of variance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The provisional materials had more obvious changes in all three color dimensions than the flowable resin composite. Integrity showed the biggest changes, followed by acrylic resin and PMMA block, whereas Protemp had the smallest changes. The hardness of all the materials significantly decreased after immersion in any of the beverages for 14 days. There were no changes in surface roughness when the materials were immersed in distilled water. The surface roughness of the PMMA block significantly decreased in orange juice whereas that of Integrity and acrylic resin significantly increased in cola.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Different kinds of provisional materials had different degrees of staining due to their composition. Moisture had a significant influence on the hardness of materials, and the acidity of cola significantly roughened the surface of the provisional materials.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.842","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T09:04:15Z","timestamp":1712739855000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effects of various beverages on characteristics of provisional restoration materials"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Praween","family":"Wayakanon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry Naresuan University Phitsanulok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teeraphan","family":"Narakaew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry Naresuan University Phitsanulok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8120-4950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kornchanok","family":"Wayakanon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry Naresuan University Phitsanulok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"610","article-title":"Tannins and their complex interaction with different organic nitrogen compounds and enzymes: Old paradigms versus recent advances","volume":"6","author":"Adamczyk B.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chemistry Open"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14030366"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.34652"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","first-page":"2959","article-title":"Tannin extraction from the barks of three tropical hardwoods for the production of adhesives","volume":"8","author":"Antwi\u2010Boasiako C.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Oral Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2009.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0909-8836.2003.00077.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2013.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2004.10.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2007.06.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2007.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.30377"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2011.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma13163525"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3913(03)00259-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3913(03)00168-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20396\/bjos.v16i0.8650498"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2020.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1678-77572009000500007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3913(09)60068-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-0707.85818"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","first-page":"121","article-title":"Analysis of enamel and material wear by digital microscope: An in vitro study","volume":"10","author":"Habib S. 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