{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T17:25:31Z","timestamp":1787505931444,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]],"date-time":"2020-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OPP1134248"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPP1134248"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Crop Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Vitamin A deficiency, drought, low soil nitrogen (low\u2010N), and\n                    <jats:italic>Striga hermonthica<\/jats:italic>\n                    parasitism of maize (\n                    <jats:italic>Zea mays<\/jats:italic>\n                    L.) cause malnutrition and food insecurity in sub\u2010Saharan Africa. The objectives of this study were to determine combining abilities of extra\u2010early provitamin A (PVA) lines, classify them into heterotic groups (HGs), identify testers, and determine yield stability of hybrids under contrasting environments in two trials. In Trial 1, 190 F\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    hybrids plus six checks were tested under\n                    <jats:italic>Striga\u2010<\/jats:italic>\n                    infested, drought, and stress\u2010free environments in Nigeria from 2015\u20132017. In Trial 2, 35 extra\u2010early yellow hybrids were evaluated under low\u2010N,\n                    <jats:italic>Striga<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010infested, and stress\u2010free environments in 2018. TZEEIOR 202 and TZEEIOR 205 had PVA concentrations of 23.98 and 22.56\u00a0\u03bcg g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    . TZEEIOR 197 \u00d7 TZEEIOR 205 (20.1\u00a0\u03bcg g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) and TZEEIOR 202 \u00d7 TZEEIOR 205 (22.7\u00a0\u03bcg g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) contained about double the PVA level of the commercial check, TZEEI 58 \u00d7 TZEE\u2010Y Pop STR C5 (11.4\u00a0\u03bcg g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ). Both general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability variances were significant for most agronomic traits, although GCA was larger than SCA effects, indicating GCA effects primarily controlled the inheritance of those traits. TZEEIOR 97 and TZEEIOR 197 were identified as inbred testers. TZEEIOR 197 \u00d7 TZEEIOR 205 was identified as a single\u2010cross tester and the most stable and highest\u2010yielding hybrid across environments. TZEEIOR 202 and TZEEIOR 205 should be invaluable resources for breeding for high PVA. Provitamin A level was independent of hybrid yield potential, indicating that selection of superior hybrids with elevated PVA levels should be feasible.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/csc2.20071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]],"date-time":"2020-05-05T05:54:45Z","timestamp":1588658085000},"page":"1325-1345","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Genetic studies of extra\u2010early provitamin\u2010A maize inbred lines and their hybrids in multiple environments"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0113-5487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B.","family":"Badu\u2010Apraku","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Institute of Tropical Agriculture  P.M.B. 5320 Ibadan Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.A.B.","family":"Fakorede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Crop Production and Protection Obafemi Awolowo University  Ile\u2010Ife Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.O.","family":"Talabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Institute of Tropical Agriculture  P.M.B. 5320 Ibadan Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Oyekunle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Science Institute for Agricultural Research Samaru Ahmadu Bello University  Zaria Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Aderounmu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Institute of Tropical Agriculture  P.M.B. 5320 Ibadan Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.F.","family":"Lum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"C\/o Bells University of Technology  Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.F.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CSIR\u2013 Crops Research Institute Cereals Division  Fumesua Kumasi Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.B.","family":"Adu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CSIR\u2013 Savanna Agricultural Research Institute  Tamale Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.O.","family":"Toyinbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Institute of Tropical Agriculture  P.M.B. 5320 Ibadan Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2229-13-227"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/agronj2010.0484"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2135\/cropsci2010.06.0366"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/pbr.12163","article-title":"Efficiency of secondary traits in selecting for improved grain yield in extra\u2010early maize under Striga\u2010infested and Striga\u2010 free environments","author":"Badu\u2010Apraku B.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Plant Breed"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2015.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10681-015-1506-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.2135\/cropsci2015.05.0276","article-title":"Gene Action and Heterotic Groups of Early White Quality Protein Maize Inbreds under Multiple Stress Environments","volume":"56","author":"Badu\u2010Apraku B.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crop Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-64852-1_9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0014479706004601"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2135\/cropsci2007.11.0639"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","volume-title":"Conduct and management of maize field trials","author":"Badu\u2010Apraku B.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10681-013-0876-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","unstructured":"Badu\u2010Apraku B. 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