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In this work, commercial poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) sponges are recycled into a macroporous carbon matrix to encapsulate size\u2010tunable SnO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> nanocrystals as anode materials for lithium\u2010ion batteries (LIBs) through a scalable, flash\u2010combustion method. The hydroxyl groups present copiously in the recycled PVA sponges guarantee a uniform chemical coupling with a tin(IV) citrate complex through intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Then, a scalable, ultrafast combustion process (30\u2005s) carbonizes the PVA sponge into a 3D carbon matrix. This PVA\u2010sponge\u2010derived carbon could not only buffer the volume fluctuations upon the Li\u2013Sn alloying and dealloying processes but also afford a mixed conductive network, that is, a continuous carbon framework for electrical transport and macropores for facile electrolyte percolation. The best\u2010performing electrode based on this composite delivers a rate performance up to 9.72\u2005C (4\u2005A\u2009g<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) and long\u2010term cyclability (500\u2005cycles) for Li<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> ion storage. Moreover, cyclic voltammograms demonstrate the coexistence of alloying and dealloying processes and non\u2010diffusion\u2010controlled pseudocapacitive behavior, which collectively contribute to the high\u2010rate Li<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> ion storage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201500297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]],"date-time":"2015-06-01T09:18:17Z","timestamp":1433150297000},"page":"2084-2092","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Recycled Poly(vinyl alcohol) Sponge for Carbon Encapsulation of Size\u2010Tunable Tin Dioxide Nanocrystalline 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