{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:39:37Z","timestamp":1786977577508,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,10]],"date-time":"2019-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1568073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001808","name":"Kommission f\u00fcr Technologie und Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1155002550"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1155002550"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001808","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ChemSusChem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The role of Lewis and Br\u00f8nsted acid sites and their potential synergy remains ambiguous for the production of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (OME), which are suitable as a Diesel substitute. Here, this synergistic effect was investigated by using a series of beta polymorph\u2005A (BEA) zeolites with various degrees of Br\u00f8nsted and Lewis acidity. Lewis acidity was introduced in dealuminated zeolites by Sn grafting in dichloromethane. These sites were only active in paraformaldehyde decomposition, OME growth, and acetalization. The Br\u00f8nsted acid sites arising from bridging hydroxyl groups were active for all reaction steps, and notably for trioxane ring\u2010opening and dissociation to formaldehyde (FA), which did not occur on the Lewis acid sites. Presence of both Lewis and Br\u00f8nsted acid sites led to a four\u2010fold increase in turnover frequency and a significant decrease of byproduct formation compared with the parent zeolite during OME synthesis from dimethoxymethane and trioxane. The synergistic effect between both types of acid sites is explained by FA insertion on Lewis acid sites leading to OME growth. Interaction between tetrahedral Sn and the carbonyl group of FA resulted in an activated carbonyl bond, which was likely the initial step for insertion of FA into OME.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201901814","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,19]],"date-time":"2019-08-19T08:18:46Z","timestamp":1566202726000},"page":"4421-4431","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Nature of Synergy between Br\u00f8nsted and Lewis Acid Sites in Sn\u2013Beta Zeolites for Polyoxymethylene Dimethyl Ethers Synthesis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0426-564X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christophe J.","family":"Baranowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering \u00c9cole polytechnique f\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL)  Route cantonale 1015 Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maneka","family":"Roger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering \u00c9cole polytechnique f\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL)  Route cantonale 1015 Lausanne Switzerland"},{"name":"Paul Scherrer Institut  5232 Villigen Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2092-9215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali M.","family":"Bahmanpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering \u00c9cole polytechnique f\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL)  Route cantonale 1015 Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7268-7257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oliver","family":"Kr\u00f6cher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering \u00c9cole polytechnique f\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL)  Route cantonale 1015 Lausanne Switzerland"},{"name":"Paul Scherrer Institut  5232 Villigen Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_1","unstructured":"World Energy Council Global Transport Scenarios 2050 2011https:\/\/www.worldenergy.org\/publications\/entry\/world-energy-scenarios-global-transport-scenarios-2050."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2010.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1365\/s35146-011-0010-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s35146-016-0170-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2015.11.060"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40111-015-0516-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","unstructured":"W. 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