{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T10:53:03Z","timestamp":1785754383997,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]],"date-time":"2021-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019YFC0312101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFC0312101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52173291"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52173291"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22105189"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22105189"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ChemSusChem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A series of imide\u2010based small molecules, namely NA, NAA, and NEA with simple structures, were designed and synthesized by introducing different amine side\u2010chains into the benzene unit of imide, which were used as cathode interfacial materials in organic solar cells (OSCs). The amine side\u2010chain substitution positions were systematically investigated with these small\u2010molecule imides. Compared with NA without amide chains\u2010NAA, and NEA, with 3\u2010dimethylaminopropylamine and ethylenediamine chains, respectively\u2010show bathochromic shifts in absorption, decreased band gaps, and higher highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels. A power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.04\u2009% was obtained with the NEA\u2010based as\u2010cast OSCs with a high open\u2010circuit voltage and fill factor for PM6\u2009:\u2009Y6 blend and the maximum PCE of 15.80\u2009% was reached for as\u2010cast PM6\u2009:\u2009Y6\u2009:\u2009IT\u2010M ternary OSCs. NEA exhibits better conductivity, higher electron mobility, and stronger the capability of lower work function of cathode among three molecules, affording OSCs with better photovoltaic performance. Additionally, these three molecules show excellent thermal stability both in solution and in films at 150\u2009\u00b0C. The results indicate that imide\u2010based small molecules are promising cathode interfacial materials for commercial OSCs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.202101383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T04:07:42Z","timestamp":1630382862000},"page":"4783-4792","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Aminonaphthalimide\u2010Based Molecular Cathode Interlayers for As\u2010Cast Organic Solar Cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering Ocean University of China  Qingdao 266100 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering Ocean University of China  Qingdao 266100 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering Ocean University of China  Qingdao 266100 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering Ocean University of China  Qingdao 266100 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liangmin","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao)  Qingdao 266100 P. R. China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology Ministry of Education Ocean University of China  Qingdao 266100 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuixing","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering Ocean University of China  Qingdao 266100 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingliang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering Ocean University of China  Qingdao 266100 P. R. China"},{"name":"Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao)  Qingdao 266100 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41566-018-0104-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560-018-0181-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat5063"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201808976"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.201808976"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.0c12527"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/natrevmats.2018.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.7b00535"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202000645"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2019.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2021.128770"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.202100746"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-20580-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2020.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.0c01421"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16509-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2015.126"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.200902386"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja2037673"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201901536"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.201901536"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201702730"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7EE00601B"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TA00881G"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9TA02844G"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201103006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr500225d"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201705745"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.9b03329"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5b12664"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c4ee00022f"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5TC02172C"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202004432"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.202004432"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201705976"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2018.10.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201807220"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.202100707"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202006387"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2021.129276"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201900999"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6b12755"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11426-017-9057-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201700232"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201504734"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TA07544A"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2017.07.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.8b07691"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-020-00872-6"}],"container-title":["ChemSusChem"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cssc.202101383","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cssc.202101383","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cssc.202101383","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T19:37:03Z","timestamp":1760384223000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cssc.202101383"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cssc.202101383"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cssc.202101383","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1864-5631","1864-564X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1864-5631","type":"print"},{"value":"1864-564X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-07-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-09-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}