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However, the rapid degradation of commonly used electrode materials, such as Prussian Blue Analogs and carbonyl\u2010based organic compounds, continues to challenge the economic viability of these devices. While stability issues can be addressed by employing highly concentrated water\u2010in\u2010salt electrolytes, this approach often requires expensive and, in many cases, fluorinated salts. Here, we show that replacing monovalent K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> ions with divalent Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> ions in the electrolyte significantly enhances the stability of both a copper hexacyanoferrate cathode and a polyimide anode. These findings have direct implications for developing an optimized aqueous Ca\u2010ion battery that demonstrates exceptional fast\u2010charging capabilities and ultra\u2010long cycle life and points toward applying Ca\u2010based batteries for large\u2010scale energy storage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.202401469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T10:24:04Z","timestamp":1729679044000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["A Fast and Highly Stable Aqueous Calcium\u2010Ion Battery for Sustainable Energy Storage"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Raphael L.","family":"Streng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physics of Energy Conversion and Storage Physik-Department Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen  James-Franck-Str. 1 85748 Garching Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Reiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physics of Energy Conversion and Storage Physik-Department Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen  James-Franck-Str. 1 85748 Garching Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Wager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physics of Energy Conversion and Storage Physik-Department Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen  James-Franck-Str. 1 85748 Garching Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nykola","family":"Pommer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physics of Energy Conversion and Storage Physik-Department Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen  James-Franck-Str. 1 85748 Garching Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5970-4315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aliaksandr S.","family":"Bandarenka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physics of Energy Conversion and Storage Physik-Department Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen  James-Franck-Str. 1 85748 Garching Germany"},{"name":"Catalysis Research Center TUM  Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Stra\u00dfe 1 85748 Garching Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2011.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2021.118205"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2016.07.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P. 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