{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T05:46:21Z","timestamp":1771047981996,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]],"date-time":"2025-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743033600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021856","name":"Ministero dell'Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PRIN2022 2022KL2ECA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRIN2022 2022KL2ECA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021856","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ChemSusChem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Infrared thermal activation (IRTA) is considered an efficient approach to accelerate reaction rates. The manuscript reports the first example of application of IRTA to achieve surface functionalization of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) under solvent\u2010less conditions with epoxidized linoleic acid (ELA), synthesized by enzymatic approach using CaLB (lipase B from\n                    <jats:italic>Candida antarctica<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    . The final goal is to enhance the hydrophobicity of cellulosic surfaces of bio\u2010based materials, with potential application in the coating industry. With the approach proposed in this paper, we achieve a degree of substitution of 0.09 of CNCs. The reaction is extended to delignified rice husk (d\u2010RH), a largely available agro\u2010waste and a cost\u2010effective cellulose\u2010rich biomass. Solid\u2010state cross polarization magic angle spinning (CP MAS)\n                    <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                    C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses, liquid state\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    H\u2010NMR, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR\u2010FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE\u2010SEM) and X\u2010ray diffractometry (XRD) data support a fine structural characterization of both functionalized CNCs and d\u2010RH to assess the effectiveness of the strategy used and the characteristics of the materials. Water contact angle measurements confirm the changed surface chemistry and the occurrence of hydrophobization on CNCs and d\u2010RH, revealing surfaces with modified properties and stable water contact angle of \u223c40\u00b0 and \u223c60\u00b0, respectively. This efficient and sustainable method can have potential application in industrial\u2010scale environments to change the properties of ligno\u2010cellulosic biomass and bio\u2010based materials in general.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.202500164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]],"date-time":"2025-03-10T04:57:48Z","timestamp":1741582668000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Cellulose Nanocrystals and Rice Husk Surface Functionalization Induced by Infrared Thermal Activation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5408-9416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosarita","family":"D'Orsi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale Universit\u00e0 di Pisa  via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy"},{"name":"Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale di ricerca in Metodologie e Processi Innovativi di Sintesi C.I.N.M.P.I.S.  56124 Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9009-3316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Danielli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Trieste  Via L. Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariachiara","family":"Spennato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Trieste  Via L. 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