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For the first time, metal\u2010free active sites for thermal CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    activation and transformation are constructed on the nanocarbon surface in this work. The potential H\u2010assisted cleavage of the activated C\uf8feO bond to produce CO on the metal\u2010free catalyst is predicted and further confirmed by its reduction using silane as a hydrogen resource. With in situ infrared spectroscopy and theoretical calculations, the evolution process of CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    on the surficial N, B heteroatomic sites of the nanocarbon, providing valuable insights into the reaction mechanism of CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    transformation is revealed. This unprecedented finding not only enhances the understanding of the metal\u2010free catalytic process for the selective cleavage of the C\uf8feO bond in CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    but also provides more opportunities for designing high\u2010efficiency, low\u2010cost, and scalable heterogeneous carbon\u2010based catalysts in thermal CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    transformation processes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.202501052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T21:14:38Z","timestamp":1755724478000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Heteroatomic Sites on Carbon: Thermal CO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    Activation and Transformation by Metal\u2010Free Catalysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Peng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Catalysis and Carbon Dioxide Utilization Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences  Tianshui Middle Road 18 Lanzhou 730000 P. 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