{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T18:42:52Z","timestamp":1786214572874,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774569600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000165","name":"Division of Chemistry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CHE-2505667"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CHE-2505667"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000165","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ChemSusChem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are a major fraction of electronic waste, yet their glass\u2010fiber\u2010reinforced epoxy matrices remain effectively unrecyclable. Herein, we employ thiocracking, a one\u2010pot reaction of elemental sulfur with PCBs, to convert them into functional composites. The process is 99% atom\u2010economic and near\u2010zero\u2010waste, exploiting only PCBs and abundant refinery by\u2010product sulfur as reagents. Mechanistic progression from model bisphenol derivatives to FR\u20104 laminates and shredded PCBs demonstrated that thiocracking cleaves aryl\u2013O and C\u2013C linkages within the polymeric structure and reconstructs the network through polysulfide catenates. The resulting composites exhibit compressive strengths of 16\u201319.5\u2009MPa, flexural strengths of \u22483\u2009MPa, and tensile strengths up to 3.3\u2009MPa, within ranges of commercial masonry and cements. Critically, the composite prepared from whole shredded PCBs with 90\u2009wt% sulfur (\n                    <jats:bold>CNS<\/jats:bold>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:bold>90<\/jats:bold>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    ) retains 100% of its storage modulus after 10 melt\u2013recast cycles. Unlike masonry products,\n                    <jats:bold>CNS<\/jats:bold>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:bold>90<\/jats:bold>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    is thermally insulative with low thermal conductivity (0.37\u2009W m\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    K\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ). Composite\u2010infused fabric also shows antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogens, with &gt;99.2% reduction of pathogens\n                    <jats:italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella enteritidis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , including organisms against which previously reported high sulfur material\u2010infused textiles showed no activity at all. Thiocracking thus provides a strategy to transform e\u2010waste into high\u2010strength, recyclable, insulative, and inherently pathogen\u2010neutralizing structural elements.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.202502730","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T03:00:28Z","timestamp":1774666828000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Upcycling Printed Circuit Board E\u2010Waste to High\u2010Strength, Multifunctional, and Reprocessable Sulfur Composites via Thiocracking"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Shalini K.","family":"Wijeyatunga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Clemson University  Clemson South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katelyn M.","family":"Derr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Clemson 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