{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T13:32:38Z","timestamp":1789651958710,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]],"date-time":"2026-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]],"date-time":"2026-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780185600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21878130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21878130"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ChemSusChem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Carbon nitride (CN) has attracted extensive attention in the field of photocatalytic CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    reduction owing to its controllable structure and low preparation cost. However, it suffers from severe recombination of photogenerated carriers and strong localization of the \u03c0\u2010conjugated system, leading to unsatisfactory photocatalytic performance. Although defect engineering can enhance charge separation by breaking the periodic structure of CN, the \u03c0\u2010electron delocalization remains confined. Meanwhile, constructing donor\u2013acceptor (D\u2013A) structures with conjugated \u03c0\u2010systems can extend electron delocalization and promote charge transfer. Herein, by introducing carbon vacancies and grafting sulfone\u2010containing electron\u2010withdrawing molecules, we prepare photocatalysts with intramolecular D\u2013A structure (V\n                    <jats:sub>C<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2013DSDA), where the sulfone unit bridges electron\u2010rich triazine rings to facilitate directional charge transfer. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the synergistic effect of vacancy engineering with the D\u2013A structure breaks the periodic structure of CN and extends the \u03c0\u2010electron off\u2010domain range, which significantly improves the separation efficiency of the photogenerated charges. As a result, the optimized 5% V\n                    <jats:sub>C<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2013DSDA achieves a remarkable CO generation rate of 35.57\u2009\u03bcmol\u2009g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009h\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    , which was 6.4 and 2.6 times higher than that of pristine and vacancy\u2010modified CN. This article demonstrates a dual\u2010regulation strategy for designing high\u2010performance CN photocatalysts through defect engineering and molecular grafting.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.70777","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T05:46:04Z","timestamp":1780292764000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Constructing Carbon Nitride Donor\u2013Acceptor Structures by Vacancy Engineering and Sulfone\u2010Containing Molecule Grafting for Photocatalytic CO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    Reduction"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Qunhua","family":"Zhong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Energy Research Jiangsu University  Zhenjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Energy Research Jiangsu University  Zhenjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University  Zhenjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhanzhen","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University  Zhenjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sirui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University  Zhenjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingxue","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electrical, Energy and Power Engineering, Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutralization Yangzhou University  Yangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huachen","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University  Zhenjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8186-3512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Di","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Energy Research Jiangsu University  Zhenjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202407468"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202423859"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202420080"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.202216511"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202207375"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010026\u201070789\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202422264"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2024.216227"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat2317"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2025.125200"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-023-01297-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2024.215849"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2019.118201"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2019.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11426-025-2963-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2019.118281"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","first-page":"2403098","article-title":"Bioprotective Respirator Assembled by Defective Carbon Nitride for Long\u2010Term Light Triggered Health Protection","volume":"11","author":"Zeng Z. 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