{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T10:00:25Z","timestamp":1790416825612,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789862400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013405","name":"Rijksdienst voor Ondernemend Nederland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013405","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ChemSusChem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis for green hydrogen production is typically designed for ultrapure water feeds. In offshore applications, for example, when coupled to desalination, residual chloride can still trigger the chlorine evolution reaction (CER), motivating the development of oxygen evolution reaction (OER)\u2010selective anodes. Silicon oxide (SiO\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    ) nanocoatings exhibit chloride\u2010blocking behavior and suppress Cl\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    formation. Previous studies used spin coating (SC) to fabricate SiO\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    coatings, but enhanced OER selectivity was limited to smooth catalyst surfaces, and the coatings showed poor mechanical stability. Here, we introduce atomic layer deposition (ALD) as a vapor\u2010phase alternative and benchmark it against SC to investigate how the SiO\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    fabrication method influences chlorine suppression on rough amorphous IrO\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    anodes. SiO\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010coated anodes were evaluated in a low\u2010salinity acidic electrolyte using a rotating ring\u2013disk electrode (RRDE) to quantify chlorine evolution and assess mechanical integrity. After 50 scans, plasma\u2010enhanced ALD and spray coating at a SiO\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    thickness of 0.5\u2009nm both reduced CER selectivity by approximately 36% relative to uncoated IrO\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    , whereas thermal ALD showed no selective CER suppression. These findings show that the chloride\u2010blocking behavior of ultrathin SiO\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    nanocoatings depends strongly on the deposition route and likely arises from multiple coupled chemical, structural, and interfacial properties.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.71062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T06:28:47Z","timestamp":1789972127000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of SiO\n                    <i>\n                      <sub>x<\/sub>\n                    <\/i>\n                    Nanocoating Deposition Route on Oxygen Evolution Reaction\/Chlorine Evolution Reaction Selectivity of IrO\n                    <i>\n                      <sub>x<\/sub>\n                    <\/i>\n                    Anodes in Acidic Saline Water Electrolysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5783-5211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine Stephanie","family":"Encalada\u2010Flores","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Process and Energy Department Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Delft University of Technology  Delft Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koen","family":"de Graaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Process and Energy Department Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Delft University of Technology  Delft Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3969-0964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Athina","family":"Tzavara\u2010Roussi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Delft University of Technology  Delft Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7733-105X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bhavesh","family":"Chavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Delft University of Technology  Delft Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2495-3220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp","family":"Br\u00fcner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IONTOF GmbH  M\u00fcnster Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1591-8490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Grehl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IONTOF GmbH  M\u00fcnster Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7884-0323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. Ruud","family":"van Ommen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Delft University of Technology  Delft Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9412-7480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruud","family":"Kortlever","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Process and Energy Department Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Delft University of Technology  Delft Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2013.04.113"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2024.114320"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocecoaman.2025.107598"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2022.112310"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2022.125654"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnaoe.2022.100511"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","unstructured":"RWE \u201cH2opZee: Demonstration Project for Green Hydrogen in the Netherlands \u201d RWE accessed2026 https:\/\/www.rwe.com\/en\/research\u2010and\u2010development\/hydrogen\u2010projects\/h2opzee\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","unstructured":"AquaVentus F\u00f6rderverein e.V. \u201cGreen Hydrogen From the North Sea \u201d AquaVentus F\u00f6rderverein e.V. accessed2026 https:\/\/aquaventus.org\/en\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","unstructured":"PosHYdon \u201cGreen Hydrogen Energy \u201d PosHYdon accessed2026 https:\/\/poshydon.com\/en\/home\u2010en\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","unstructured":"SwitcH2 B.V. \u201cThe Next Generation of Clean Energy Systems Offshore \u201c SwitcH2 B.V. accessed2026 https:\/\/switch2offshore.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","unstructured":"L.Collins \u201cWorld\u2019s First Offshore Platform to Produce Green Hydrogen Ammonia and Methanol Completed in China \u201d Hydrogen Insight (2025) accessed2026 https:\/\/www.hydrogeninsight.com\u200d\u200d\u200d\u200d\/innovation\/world\u2010s\u2010first\u2010offshore\u2010platform\u2010to\u2010produce\u2010green\u2010hydrogen\u2010ammonia\u2010and\u2010methanol\u2010completed\u2010in\u2010china\/2\u20101\u20101808095."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2020.110166"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d2se01517j"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2009.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2023.130636"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aesr.202100093"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560\u2010020\u20100550\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","volume-title":"ElectrochemicalMethods:Fundamentalsand Applications","author":"Bard A. 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