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Developing nonprecious metal electrocatalysts with high activity, low cost, and earth abundance is critical for promoting their large\u2010scale practical application. Transition metal materials, especially Fe, Co, and Ni, have attracted extensive research interest due to their unique electron configurations, abundant tunable active sites, and excellent economic feasibility. This study focuses on Fe\u2010group transition metal electrocatalysts toward the HER, systematically elaborating on the fundamental reaction mechanisms and intrinsic catalytic properties of such materials. On this basis, we summarize key performance\u2010enhancing strategies, including composition engineering, morphology engineering, interface engineering, defect and coordination engineering, external field\u2010assisted strategies, and other strategies. Furthermore, this article outlines the vital roles of advanced multiscale characterization techniques and multiparadigm research methods including artificial intelligence, in the study of Fe\u2010group electrocatalysts, and summarizes the latest advances in their applications for overall water\u2010splitting devices. Finally, the key challenges regarding catalytic activity, structural stability, and mechanistic cognition of Fe\u2010group electrocatalysts are discussed, and future research directions are proposed. This work aims to provide systematic theoretical guidance and reliable references for the rational design and practical development of high\u2010efficiency Fe\u2010group electrocatalysts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.71074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T07:18:55Z","timestamp":1790752735000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Design Strategies and Advanced Research Methodologies of Iron\u2010Group Transition Metal Electrocatalysts Toward Efficient Hydrogen Evolution in Water Splitting"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3656-3038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanru","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology Beijing  Beijing P. 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