{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T10:27:49Z","timestamp":1793874469409,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFB3809300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFB3809300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22509153"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22509153"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ChemSusChem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Lithium\u2010metal batteries (LMBs) are promising candidates for next\u2010generation high\u2010energy\u2010density energy storage systems, but their practical application is limited by unstable Li\u2010metal interfaces and poor compatibility of conventional carbonate electrolytes with high\u2010voltage cathodes. Here, we report a poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)\u2010based suspension carbonate electrolyte as an effective electrolyte\u2010modification strategy, which improves the electrochemical stability of LMBs by enabling more uniform Li deposition and better oxidative stability. Molecular dynamics simulations combined with spectroscopic analyses reveal that fluorine\u2010rich PVDF particle\/electrolyte interfaces locally regulate Li\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    coordination by weakening solvent\u2010dominated solvation and enhancing anion participation around PVDF particles, thereby increasing contact ion pairs and aggregates. This promotes the formation of a gradient interphase with a fluorinated\/organic\u2010rich outer region and an inorganic inner region, while the intrinsically higher oxidation resistance of PVDF helps suppress parasitic reactions under high\u2010voltage conditions. As a result, the suspension electrolyte delivers a Li\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    transference number of 0.611, an oxidative stability window up to 4.7\u2009V, and stable Li plating\/stripping for over 2500\u2009h in symmetric cells, while also improving the cycling stability and rate capability of Li||LiFePO\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    and Li||NCM811 cells. This work provides a practical strategy for interfacial stabilization in carbonate electrolytes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.71153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T13:22:35Z","timestamp":1792070555000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A PVDF\u2010Based Suspension Carbonate Electrolyte Drives Solvation\u2010Sheath Regulation for Stable Lithium\u2010Metal Batteries"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Saihai","family":"Lei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongpeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and 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