{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T09:46:07Z","timestamp":1753868767669,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,13]],"date-time":"2022-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical and Translational Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent reports revealed an increased rate of hospitalization and mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) among patients with psychiatric disorders. On the other hand, there is a link between latent infections, including <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV\u20101) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) with psychiatric disorders. We individually assessed data regarding 1) the mortality rate of COVID\u201019 among individuals with psychiatric disorders; 2) the association of latent infections in COVID\u201019 patients and 3) the association between latent infections and psychiatric disorders. We developed the hypothesis that latent infection could increase the risk of severe COVID\u201019 among patients with psychiatric disorders. Cumulative evidence proposed that infection with toxoplasmosis, CMV and HSV\u20101 could increase the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010Co\u2010V2) infections among patients with psychiatric disorders probably by induction of hyperinflammatory conditions. These infections are also associated with hyperinflammation and T\u00a0cell exhaustion, which has also been observed in both schizophrenia and COVID\u201019. This hypothesis provides new insights into the role of latent infections in increasing the mortality rates of COVID\u201019 among individuals with psychiatric disorders. Strategies for screening, early diagnosis and treatment of these infections could be recommended for COVID\u201019 patients with a background of psychiatric disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ctd2.141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]],"date-time":"2022-10-14T05:20:12Z","timestamp":1665724812000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Latent infections, coronavirus disease 2019 and psychiatric disorders: The friend of my enemy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Mirza Ali","family":"Mofazzal Jahromi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoonoses Research Center Jahrom University of Medical Sciences  Jahrom Iran"},{"name":"Department of Immunology School of Medicine Jahrom University of Medical Sciences  Jahrom Iran"},{"name":"Department of Advanced Medical Sciences &amp; Technologies Jahrom University of Medical Sciences  Jahrom Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mina","family":"Sefidfard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Jahrom University of Medical Sciences  Jahrom Iran"},{"name":"Research Center for Noncommunicable Diseases Jahrom University of Medical Sciences  Jahrom Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Taghipour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoonoses Research Center Jahrom University of Medical Sciences  Jahrom Iran"},{"name":"Department of Parasitology and Mycology Jahrom University of Medical Sciences  Jahrom Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abazar","family":"Roustazadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Medical Sciences &amp; 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