{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T11:53:24Z","timestamp":1784375604952,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,6]],"date-time":"2018-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1544054400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":339,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia","award":["1068040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1068040"]}]},{"name":"Lions Rheumatism and Arthritis Medical Research Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin &amp;amp; Trans Imm"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIF<\/jats:styled-content>) and D\u2010dopachrome tautomerase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DDT<\/jats:styled-content>), members of the same cytokine superfamily, are linked to the pathogenesis of a number of inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate their clinical relevance in systemic sclerosis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SS<\/jats:styled-content>c).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIF<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DDT<\/jats:styled-content> were quantified in 105 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SS<\/jats:styled-content>c patients by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content> and levels compared to healthy controls (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HC<\/jats:styled-content>) (47) and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLE<\/jats:styled-content>) (184). Clinical parameters included organ involvement, serum laboratory markers and results of pulmonary function tests, and overall disease activity assessed using the European Scleroderma Trials and Research group (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EUSTAR<\/jats:styled-content>) activity index.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was no significant difference in serum <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DDT<\/jats:styled-content> concentrations between patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SS<\/jats:styled-content>c and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HC<\/jats:styled-content>. However, serum <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIF<\/jats:styled-content> was significantly increased in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SS<\/jats:styled-content>c compared to both <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HC<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLE<\/jats:styled-content> cohorts. Serum <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIF<\/jats:styled-content> was increased in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SS<\/jats:styled-content>c patients with low forced vital capacity (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FVC<\/jats:styled-content>) and was also associated with the use of angiotensin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content> receptor blockers and beta blockers in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SS<\/jats:styled-content>c, confirmed after adjusting for the presence of systemic hypertension and low <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FVC<\/jats:styled-content>. Serum <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DDT<\/jats:styled-content> was significantly higher in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SS<\/jats:styled-content>c patients with low <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FEV<\/jats:styled-content>1 and negatively correlated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EUSTAR<\/jats:styled-content> score, particularly in patients with limited disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although not significantly linked to specific clinical parameters, serum <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIF<\/jats:styled-content> was significantly higher in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SS<\/jats:styled-content>c patients than in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HC<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLE<\/jats:styled-content> patients, suggesting a fundamental role for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIF<\/jats:styled-content> in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SS<\/jats:styled-content>c. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DDT<\/jats:styled-content>, while closely related to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIF<\/jats:styled-content>, did not show a similar expression profile, suggesting functional differences between these molecules.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cti2.1042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,6]],"date-time":"2018-12-06T16:44:59Z","timestamp":1544114699000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Analysis of serum macrophage migration inhibitory factor and D\u2010dopachrome tautomerase in systemic sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Fabien B","family":"Vincent","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Inflammatory Diseases School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health 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