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Sera from 35 IIM patients were tested using an immunoprecipitation assay to confirm the presence of anti\u2010CRT Ab. Subsequently, IIM\u2013cancer patients were identified and divided into new\u2010onset, remission and recurrent groups based on their cancer status. The relationships between anti\u2010CRT Ab levels and IIM disease activity were also investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum anti\u2010CRT Ab was detected positive in 81 of the 469 (17.3%) IIM patients. Immunoprecipitated bands were observed at a molecular weight of 60\u00a0kDa corresponding to the CRT protein. The IIM patients with anti\u2010CRT Ab more frequently had cancers compared to the patients without anti\u2010CRT Ab. Moreover, the prevalence of anti\u2010CRT Ab differed according to the cancer status. The IIM patients with recurrent cancers had a much higher prevalence of anti\u2010CRT Ab than those with cancers in remission. Also, serum anti\u2010CRT Ab levels positively correlated with disease activity at baseline and at follow\u2010up visits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We report the existence of serum anti\u2010CRT Ab in IIM patients and demonstrate the possible association of anti\u2010CRT Ab with malignancy in IIM patients. Serum anti\u2010CRT Ab could serve as a novel candidate marker of cancer in IIM patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cti2.1195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]],"date-time":"2020-10-15T12:50:33Z","timestamp":1602766233000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A novel autoantibody targeting calreticulin is associated with cancer in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"He","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology China\u2010Japan Friendship Hospital  Beijing 100029 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Systems Medicine Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College  Beijing 100005 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