{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T07:49:52Z","timestamp":1791877792633,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001215","name":"La Trobe University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001215","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DE210101479"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE210101479"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001023","name":"Australian Institute of Nuclear Science and Engineering","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001023","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#2034677"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2034677"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin &amp;amp; Trans Imm"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Despite the availability of vaccines, influenza viruses still cause substantial morbidity and mortality. This highlights the need for improved vaccines and novel therapeutics. CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T\u00a0cells recognise conserved viral epitopes and can provide broad protection, making them attractive targets for next\u2010generation vaccine design. A key step in this process is to identify T\u00a0cell epitopes across influenza viruses. Here, we characterised three homologous influenza Polymerase Basic 1 (PB1)\u2010derived peptides from influenza viruses (PB1\u2010A\n                      <jats:sub>310<\/jats:sub>\n                      , PB1\u2010B\n                      <jats:sub>310<\/jats:sub>\n                      and PB1\u2010C\n                      <jats:sub>312<\/jats:sub>\n                      , respectively) presented by the common, but understudied, HLA\u2010B*18:01 molecule.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We used a thermal melt assay and X\u2010ray crystallography to assess the stability and structural features of each peptide. CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T\u2010cell responses were evaluated using intracellular cytokine staining with HLA\u2010B*18:01\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      samples.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The structures of HLA\u2010B*18:01 presenting each peptide were solved, including the first structure of HLA\u2010B*18:01 presenting a\n                      <jats:italic>Gammainfluenzavirus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (formerly influenza C virus) derived peptide. PB1\u2010C\n                      <jats:sub>312<\/jats:sub>\n                      exhibited a higher thermal stability and a different conformation compared to PB1\u2010A\n                      <jats:sub>310<\/jats:sub>\n                      and PB1\u2010B\n                      <jats:sub>310<\/jats:sub>\n                      . CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T\u00a0cell responses varied among samples, with PB1\u2010A\n                      <jats:sub>310<\/jats:sub>\n                      eliciting the strongest activation. Minimal T\u00a0cell cross\u2010reactivity was observed and was mostly between PB1\u2010A\n                      <jats:sub>310<\/jats:sub>\n                      and PB1\u2010B\n                      <jats:sub>310<\/jats:sub>\n                      likely reflecting shared structural features.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These findings further expand knowledge on peptide presentation by the common HLA\u2010B*18:01 molecule, and the limitations on CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T\u00a0cell cross\u2010recognition of this PB1\u2010derived epitope across influenza lineages. This highlights the importance of more research on cross\u2010lineage T\u00a0cell cross\u2010reactivity that could inform the design of broadly protective T cell\u2010based vaccines and therapeutics.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cti2.70123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T07:33:24Z","timestamp":1791876804000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessing CD8\n                    <sup>+<\/sup>\n                    T\u00a0cell cross\u2010reactivity to influenza A, B and C virus\u2010derived peptides presented by HLA\u2010B*18:01"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5222-9585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lawton D","family":"Murdolo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection and Immunity Program La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS)  Bundoora VIC Australia"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry La Trobe University  Bundoora VIC Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel Liwei","family":"Leong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection and Immunity Program La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS)  Bundoora VIC Australia"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry La Trobe University  Bundoora VIC Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janesha C","family":"Maddumage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection and Immunity Program La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS)  Bundoora VIC Australia"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry La Trobe University  Bundoora VIC Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6824-4189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lloyd","family":"D'Orsogna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of Western Australia  Nedlands WA Australia"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and PathWest Fiona Stanley Hospital  Murdoch WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1132-8952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Demetra SM","family":"Chatzileontiadou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection and Immunity Program La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS)  Bundoora VIC Australia"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry La Trobe University  Bundoora VIC Australia"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Monash University  Clayton VIC Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7193-9427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma J","family":"Grant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection and Immunity Program La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS)  Bundoora VIC Australia"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry La Trobe University  Bundoora VIC Australia"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Monash University  Clayton VIC Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7416-038X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephanie","family":"Gras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection and Immunity Program La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS)  Bundoora VIC Australia"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry La Trobe University  Bundoora VIC Australia"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Monash University  Clayton VIC Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.05.057","article-title":"Economic burden of seasonal influenza in the United States","volume":"36","author":"Putri WCWS","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2020.104970","article-title":"Burden of influenza B virus infection and considerations for clinical management","volume":"185","author":"Zaraket H","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-021-00603-0","article-title":"The evolution and future of influenza pandemic preparedness","volume":"53","author":"Harrington WN","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp Mol 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