{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T15:42:01Z","timestamp":1790005321301,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]],"date-time":"2021-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610496000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001240","name":"SpinalCure Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001240","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01EW170A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01EW170A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005191","name":"Craig H. Neilsen Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["596764"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["596764"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005191","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp; Translational Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Acute traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) induces a systemic immune response involving circulating white blood cells (WBCs). How this response is influenced by overall trauma severity, the neurological level of injury and\/or correlates with patient outcomes is poorly understood. The objective of this study was to identify relationships between early changes in circulating WBCs, injury characteristics and long\u2010term patient outcomes in individuals with traumatic SCI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analysed data from 161 SCI patients admitted to Brisbane's Princess Alexandra Hospital (exploration cohort). Logistic regression models in conjunction with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were used to assess the strength of specific links between the WBC response, respiratory infection incidence and neurological outcomes (American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) grade conversion). An independent validation cohort from the Trauma Hospital Berlin, Germany (n = 49) was then probed to assess the robustness of effects and disentangle centre effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We find that the extent of acute neutrophilia in human SCI patients is positively correlated with New Injury Severity Scores but inversely with the neurological outcome (AIS grade). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that acute SCI\u2010induced neutrophilia is an independent predictor of AIS grade conversion failure, with an odds ratio (OR) of 4.16 and ROC area under curve (AUC) of 0.82 (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001). SCI\u2010induced lymphopenia was separately identified as an independent predictor of better recovery (OR = 24.15; ROC AUC = 0.85,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001). Acute neutrophilia and increased neutrophil\u2010lymphocyte ratios were otherwise significantly associated with respiratory infection presentation in both patient cohorts.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings demonstrate the prognostic value of modelling early circulating neutrophil and lymphocyte counts with patient characteristics for predicting the longer term recovery after SCI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.272","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,15]],"date-time":"2021-01-15T08:52:46Z","timestamp":1610700766000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Prognostic value of early leukocyte fluctuations for recovery from traumatic spinal cord injury"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6303-369X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trisha","family":"Jogia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"L\u00fcbstorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Spinal Cord Injury Research (Neuroparaplegiology) Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin  Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esther","family":"Jacobson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland 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Rehabilitation The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center  Columbus Ohio"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center  Columbus Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6832-9599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcel A.","family":"Kopp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Spinal Cord Injury Research (Neuroparaplegiology) Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin  Germany"},{"name":"QUEST \u2013 Center for Transforming Biomedical Research Berlin Institute of Health  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Walsham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess Alexandra Hospital \u2013 Southside Clinical School Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Intensive 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