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However, the inflammatory mechanism of depression and its effect on brain function have not been clarified. Based on resting\u2010state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs\u2010fMRI), we investigated change of brain functional imaging and the inflammatory mechanism of damage\u2010related molecular patterns (DAMPs)\u2014receptor of advanced glycation protein end product (RAGE) in MDD patients and depressive\u2010like cynomolgus monkeys and mice models induced by chronic stress. The regional homogeneity (ReHo) and functional connectivity (FC) were analyzed using MATLAB and SPM12 software. We detected the expression of DAMPs\u2010RAGE pathway\u2010related proteins and mRNA in MDD peripheral blood and in serum and brain tissue of cynomolgus monkeys and mice. Meanwhile, RAGE gene knockout mice, RAGE inhibitor, and overexpression of AVV9<jats:sup>RAGE<\/jats:sup> adeno\u2010associated virus were used to verify that RAGE is a reliable potential biomarker of depression. The results showed that the ReHo value of prefrontal cortex (PFC) in MDD patients and depressive\u2010like cynomolgus monkeys was decreased. Then, the PFC was used as a seed point, the FC of ipsilateral and contralateral PFC were weakened in depressive\u2010like mice. At the same time, qPCR showed that RAGE and HMGB1 mRNA were upregulated and S100\u03b2 mRNA was downregulated. The expression of RAGE\u2010related inflammatory protein in PFC of depressive\u2010like monkeys and mice were consistent with that in peripheral blood of MDD patients. Moreover, the results were confirmed in RAGE<jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2013\/\u2013<\/jats:sup><\/jats:italic> mice, injection of FPS\u2010ZM1, and overexpression of AAV9<jats:sup><jats:italic>RAGE<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> in mice. To sum up, our findings enhance the evidence that chronic stress\u2010PFC\u2010RAGE are associated with depression. These results attempt to establish the links between brain functional imaging, and molecular targets among different species will help to reveal the pathophysiological mechanism of depression from multiple perspectives.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.541","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,16]],"date-time":"2021-10-16T00:20:41Z","timestamp":1634343641000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["RETRACTED; Combined rs\u2010fMRI study on brain functional imaging and mechanism of RAGE\u2010DAMPs of depression: Evidence from MDD patients to chronic stress\u2010induced depression models in cynomolgus monkeys and mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Weixin","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Southern Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"},{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine  Guangzhou Guangdong 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