{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,25]],"date-time":"2023-10-25T05:43:58Z","timestamp":1698212638726},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,8]],"date-time":"2005-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1110240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4449,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cytometry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clonal excess (CE) analysis by flow cytometry is a convenient method to detect minimal involvement of peripheral blood and bone marrow by B\u2010cell lymphoma. The method is based on evaluation of the congruity between \u03ba and \u03bb light chain distributions within a normal B\u2010cell population. By using the Kolmogorov\u2010Smirnov method for evaluation of histogram identity, the maximum difference (D value) between distributions is calculated. However, variable adsorption of cytophilic plasma immunoglobulin (Ig) to CD16 positive cells, T\u2010cell subsets, and the B cells themselves may cause incongruity between the light chain distributions that might simulate or disguise a true clonal excess and thus create major pitfalls in the interpretation of the CE analysis. These phenomena are observed both in normal blood donors and in patients with non\u2010Hodgkin's lymphoma. In the present report we describe: (1) how freezing of the isolated mononuclear cells before immunostaining effectively removes most of the adsorbed cytophilic Ig, (2) how by exclusion of the CD16 positive population further resolution of the relevant histogram shape is obtained to avoid false interpretations of incongruity, and (3) how adsorption of Ig to B\u2010cells creates a typical pattern of \u201creciprocal labeling\u201d that can be mistaken for a clonal excess. Based on our observations we argue against an uncritical use of normal D values for definition of clonal excess and advocate an analytic evaluation of the \u03ba and \u03bb overlay distribution by dual immunofluorescence, either by excluding CD16 positive cells or by including only B cells, to reveal the nature of the different deviations. \u00a9 1993 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.990140211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,8]],"date-time":"2005-08-08T16:26:18Z","timestamp":1123518378000},"page":"188-195","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Flow cytometric clonal excess analysis of peripheral blood, routine handling, and pitfalls in interpretation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tor","family":"Olofsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197906213002501"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.990090511"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V67.1.80.80","article-title":"Detection of clonal excess in lymphoproliferative disease by K\/\u03b4 analysis: Correlation with immunoglobulin gene DNA rearrangement","volume":"67","author":"Berliner 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approach for the detection of tumor cells in peripheral blood of patients with malignant lymphoma: Implications for the diagnosis of minimal disease","volume":"123","author":"Ligler FS","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V55.5.792.792","article-title":"Detection of tumor cells in the peripheral blood of nonleukemic patients with B\u2010cell lymphoma: Analysis of \u201cclonal excess\u201d","volume":"55","author":"Ligler FS","year":"1980","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.114.1_Part_1.116","article-title":"Identification of two populations of immunoglobulin\u2010bearing lymphocytes in man","volume":"114","author":"Lobo PI","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V72.5.1461.1461","article-title":"The basic study on k\u2010\u03b4 imaging by \u0394\u2010curve for the detection of a monoclonal B\u2010cell population in the peripheral blood","volume":"72","author":"Nakano M","year":"1988","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(81)90400-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(75)80083-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00405061"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/17.13.5411"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.49.5.511","article-title":"Biology of human immunoglobulin G Fc receptors","volume":"49","author":"van de Winkel JG","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Leuk 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