{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T14:43:55Z","timestamp":1753886635426,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]],"date-time":"2021-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002332","name":"Semmelweis Egyetem","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["STIA KF\u201017\/24\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["STIA KF\u201017\/24\/2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002332","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cytometry Pt A"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Plasma cell myeloma (multiple myeloma [MM]) is a malignant neoplasm originating from the plasma cells. Besides other methods, flow cytometric analysis of the patient's bone marrow aspirate has an important role in the diagnosis and also in the response assessment. Since the cell surface markers, used for identifying abnormal plasma cells, are expressed diversely and the treatment can also alter the phenotype of the plasma cells, there is an increasing demand for new plasma cell markers. VS38c is a monoclonal antibody that recognizes the CLIMP\u201063 protein in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. CLIMP\u201063 is known to be expressed at high levels in normal and pathologic plasma cells in the bone marrow, thus VS38c antibody can be used to identify them. Although VS38c staining of plasma cells is reported to be constant and strong even in myeloma, we were wondering whether sample preparation can affect the staining. We have investigated the effect of different permeabilization agents and washing of the cells on the quality of the VS38c staining and found that in many cases the staining is inadequate to identify the plasma cells. We measured the VS38c staining of the bone marrow aspirates of 196\u2009MM patients and observed that almost all cases showed bright staining with VS38c. However, permeabilization with mild detergent resulted in the appearance of a significant VS38c<jats:sup>dim<\/jats:sup> subpopulation, which showed increased sensitivity to mechanical stress (centrifugation). Our results indicate that VS38c<jats:sup>dim<\/jats:sup> MM cells can appear due to the improper permeabilization of the endoplasmic reticulum and this finding raises the possibility of the existence of a plasma cell subpopulation with different membrane properties. The significance of this population is unclear yet, but these cells can be easily missed with VS38c staining and can be lost due to centrifugation\u2010induced lysis during sample preparation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.24488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,23]],"date-time":"2021-07-23T07:01:15Z","timestamp":1627023675000},"page":"159-166","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Limitations of <scp>VS38c<\/scp> labeling in the detection of plasma cell myeloma by flow cytometry"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"101","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5657-4167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c1gnes","family":"Czeti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine Semmelweis University  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6190-9128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00e1bor","family":"Szal\u00f3ki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine Semmelweis University  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gergely","family":"Varga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Faculty of Medicine Semmelweis University  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vir\u00e1g R\u00e9ka","family":"Szita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Faculty of Medicine Semmelweis University  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zsolt Istv\u00e1n","family":"Koml\u00f3si","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, Cell\u2010 and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine Semmelweis University  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8686-0295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ferenc","family":"Tak\u00e1cs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine Semmelweis University  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00c1gnes","family":"M\u00e1rk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine Semmelweis University  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Botond","family":"Tim\u00e1r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine Semmelweis University  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e1s","family":"Matolcsy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine Semmelweis University  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8895-3062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00e1bor","family":"Barna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine Semmelweis University  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.25791"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.46"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","article-title":"Assessment of response to therapy in multiple myeloma by multiparameter flow cytometry. Usefulness of an eight\u2010color single tube with monoclonal antibodies in dried formulation","volume":"170","author":"Carulli G","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Ter"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijlh.12757"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beha.2010.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-08-665679"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/8UVF7YQ1D4D4ETQV"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-11-749432"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-17-2027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.50.6.485"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BST20140272"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.47.5.418"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2559.1997.d01-599.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0344-0338(97)80038-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.49.3.205"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-019-02685-z"},{"volume-title":"WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues","year":"2017","author":"World Health Organization Classification of Tumour.","key":"e_1_2_9_18_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1759(00)00220-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0320(20000901)41:1<55::AID-CYTO8>3.0.CO;2-A"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2818.1994.tb03493.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2470407"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.119.5.1097"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0631579100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.20080"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-28098-1_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V99.6.2154"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-018-0153-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","unstructured":"O'DonahueM JohnsonL HedleyB VaughanE. Flow Cytometric Testing for Kappa and Lambda light chains. 2018 [cited 2020. 06. 03.]. 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