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In clinical settings, the amount of blood available from patients for scientific research is often limited. This restriction may be further exacerbated when working with samples from small children or in resource\u2010poor settings\u2014both scenarios commonly encountered in malaria and infectious disease research. Accordingly, this panel is designed to maximize the information that can be obtained from as little as 200\u2009\u03bcL whole blood using flow cytometry. This panel allows a phenotypic characterization of the main subpopulations within T cells, as well as B cells and NK cells. It includes markers for the analysis of memory subpopulations, regulatory T cell subsets, and T follicular helper cells. Furthermore, surface and intracellular markers for activation and differentiation, effector functions, exhaustion, and immune checkpoints are included, allowing detailed characterization of the main lymphocyte subsets, in particular T cells. This panel was optimized for the analysis of fresh human blood samples obtained from malaria patients, but it may be adapted to the analysis of isolated PBMC or tissue samples, as well as samples from patients with other infectious or inflammatory diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.24937","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T08:23:42Z","timestamp":1748334222000},"page":"364-371","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["<scp>OMIP<\/scp>\n                    \u2010\n                    <scp>114<\/scp>\n                    : A 36\u2010Color Spectral Flow Cytometry Panel for Detailed Analysis of T Cell Activation and Regulation in Small Human Blood Volumes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"107","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8843-3227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie\u2010Theres","family":"Thieme\u2010Ehlert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, I. 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