{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T21:45:43Z","timestamp":1759009543405},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,7]],"date-time":"2012-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1346976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cytometry Part B Clinical"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent publications have suggested that altered proportions of functional CD4 T\u2010cell subsets correlate with active pulmonary TB. Also, CD27\u2010expression on tuberculin\u2010activated IFN\u2010\u03b3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> CD4 T\u2010cells is known to differ significantly between patients with active pulmonary TB and healthy TB\u2010unexposed BCG vaccinees. Here, we explore links between CD4 T\u2010cell phenotype, multiple functional subsets, and control of TB.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>We examined ex\u2010vivo overnight tuberculin activated CD4 T\u2010cells in regards to CD27\u2010expression and the activation markers, CD154 upregulation, IFN\u2010\u03b3, TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20102, and degranulation in 44 individuals, including cases of clinically active pulmonary TB, and hospital staff with prolonged TB exposure, some of whom had latent TB.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Active pulmonary TB generally showed an excess of TNF\u2010\u03b1<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> subsets over IFN\u2010\u03b3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> subsets, paralleled by decreased CD27 expression on activated IFN\u2010\u03b3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> or CD154<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> CD4 T\u2010cells. The single subset distinguishing best between active pulmonary TB and high TB exposure was CD154<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\/TNF\u2010\u03b1<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\/ IFN\u2010\u03b3<jats:sup>\u2010<\/jats:sup>\/IL\u20102<jats:sup>\u2010<\/jats:sup>\/degranulation<jats:sup>\u2010<\/jats:sup> (AUROC 0.90). The ratio between the frequencies of TNF\u2010\u03b1<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\/IFN\u2010\u03b3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> CD4 T\u2010cells was an effective alternative parameter (AUROC 0.87).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Functional subsets and phenotype of tuberculin induced CD4 T\u2010cells differ between stages of TB infection. Predominance of TNF\u2010\u03b1<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> CD4 T\u2010cells in active infection suggests an increased effort of the immune system to contain disease. \u00a9 2012 International Clinical Cytometry Society<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.b.21041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,7]],"date-time":"2012-09-07T14:31:20Z","timestamp":1347028280000},"page":"360-368","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The phenotypic distribution and functional profile of tuberculin\u2010specific CD4 T\u2010cells characterizes different stages of TB 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