{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T09:51:55Z","timestamp":1781776315099,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,12]],"date-time":"2018-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541980800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cytometry Part B Clinical"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The presence of measurable residual disease after therapy is a significant risk factor of relapse in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). By detecting cells with leukemia\u2010associated immunophenotype (LAIP), multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) can detect residual leukemia at a level significantly lower than that detected by morphology. However, changes in LAIPs during or after therapy may pose a challenge to MRD testing. AML with mutated <jats:italic>NPM1<\/jats:italic> represents the largest subtype of AML sharing a common leukemogenic mechanism and similar LAIPs. Here, we identified a common pattern of LAIPs in myeloid blasts with mutated <jats:italic>NPM1<\/jats:italic>, and studied its stability and limit of detection after therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We summarized aberrancies of leukemic blasts with mutated <jats:italic>NPM1<\/jats:italic> at diagnosis in 61 patients and paired relapse in 25 patients. In addition, we examined the detection of leukemic blasts in 590 specimens collected from 152 patients in complete remission after induction for AML\/MDS\u2010EB with mutated <jats:italic>NPM1<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings demonstrate myeloid blasts with mutated <jats:italic>NPM1<\/jats:italic> have a characteristic pattern of LAIPs that is present in nearly all cases of AML\/MDS\u2010EB with mutated <jats:italic>NPM1<\/jats:italic> at initial diagnosis and relapse, regardless of morphologic variations, <jats:italic>FLT3 ITD<\/jats:italic> status, or karyotype abnormality. The myeloid blasts with mutated <jats:italic>NPM1<\/jats:italic> can be detected at an approximate level of 0.1% of total leukocytes in morphologic remission with high specificity validated by clinical outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The characteristic pattern of LAIPs of myeloid blasts with mutated <jats:italic>NPM1<\/jats:italic> is common and stable, and allows sensitive and specific detection of AML or MDS with mutated <jats:italic>NPM1<\/jats:italic> after therapy. \u00a9 2018 International Clinical Cytometry Society<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.b.21744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,12]],"date-time":"2018-11-12T08:42:00Z","timestamp":1542012120000},"page":"67-72","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Pattern associated leukemia immunophenotypes and measurable disease detection in acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome with mutated <i>NPM1<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Yi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine University of Washington  Seattle Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andres","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine University of Washington  Seattle Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Hoyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine University of Washington  Seattle Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan R.","family":"Fromm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine University of Washington  Seattle Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueyan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine University of Washington  Seattle Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lori","family":"Soma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine University of Washington  Seattle Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Salipante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine University of Washington  Seattle Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brent L.","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine University of Washington  Seattle Western Australia 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