{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T18:17:49Z","timestamp":1790360269519,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]],"date-time":"2022-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cytometry Part B Clinical"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Surface immunoglobulin (sIg) light chains are not always detected on mature B cells. This may present as a challenge for clonality determination in clinical flow cytometry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore the mechanism and diagnostic significance of sIg negative mature B cells, we retrospectively studied 14 cases of sIg negative reactive B\u2010cell lymphocytosis and 89 cases of sIg negative mature B\u2010cell lymphomas. The expression patterns of sIg and cytoplasmic immunoglobulin (cIg) light chains were studied by flow cytometry using both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These 14 cases of sIg negative reactive B\u2010cell lymphocytosis were proven to be polytypic based on cytoplasmic light chain studies. In 89 cases of sIg negative mature B\u2010cell lymphomas, we described four distinct patterns of abnormal light chain expression including partial or complete loss of sIg or cIg, suggesting different underlying mechanisms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study represents the first reported series of body or cystic fluids where reactive B cells do not have detectable sIg, arguing strongly against making a diagnosis of B\u2010cell lymphoma based on lack of sIg in mature B cells. Since the lack of sIg does not always predict clonal\/neoplastic mature B\u2010cell proliferation, further cIg evaluation should be performed when sIg expression is not detected in mature B cells. The lack of both sIg and cIg in mature B cells may serve as a reliable surrogate clonality\/neoplastic marker.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.b.22107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]],"date-time":"2022-11-30T07:44:16Z","timestamp":1669794256000},"page":"263-270","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The patterns and diagnostic significance of the lack of surface immunoglobulin light chain on mature B cells in clinical samples for lymphoma workup"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Sara L.","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Corewell Health William Beaumont University Hospital  Royal Oak Michigan USA"},{"name":"Undergraduate Program in Neuroscience University of Michigan College of Literature Science and the Arts  Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Fennell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Corewell Health William Beaumont University Hospital  Royal Oak Michigan USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine  Rochester Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Corewell Health William Beaumont University Hospital  Royal Oak Michigan USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine  Rochester Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James Z.","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Corewell Health William Beaumont University Hospital  Royal Oak Michigan USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine  Rochester Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/37.1.2491755"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.2830430407"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13000-015-0427-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(88)90126-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0320(19961215)26:4<243::AID-CYTO2>3.0.CO;2-D"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"155","article-title":"Quantitative criteria for clonality in the diagnosis of B\u2010cell non\u2010Hodgkin's lymphoma by flow cytometry","volume":"6","author":"Geary W. A.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Modern Pathology: An Official Journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCP3C2QZZBPTMLB"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/28ED-MM0T-DT3B-MT4P"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexmp.2005.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/57G0-1BNF-KB9R-L4HN"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(85)90031-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3960\/jslrt.21017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","unstructured":"O'Donahue M. Johnson L. Hedley B. &Vaughan E.(2018).Flow Cytometric Testing for Kappa and Lambda Light Chains. Sponsored and reviewed by ICCS Quality and Standards Committee. 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